According to statistical data, manifestations of gynoid lipodystrophy (cellulite) disturb more than 90% of women in most developed countries. According to most dermatocosmetologists, this condition develops only in women, but some doctors dispute this situation, according to the Internet publication for girls and women from 14 to 35 years old Pannochka. net We examined 310 patients (167 women and 143 men) aged 17 to 46 years. As a result of the examination, clinical signs of cellulitis were revealed in 127 (76%) women, obesity of varying severity in 15 (9%) women and 21 (14%) men. Thus, only 12% of women with cellulite were diagnosed with obesity as a concomitant disease. In this case, men with clinical signs of cellulite, both obese and normal body mass index, we were not identified. The results of our studies confirm the presence of cellulite exclusively in women, and draw our attention to the lack of a direct relationship between obesity and the presence of signs of cellulite. So in 112 (67%) patients with cellulite body mass index corresponded to the norm.

In the scientific literature, there are three main factors that contribute to the formation of cellulite: hormonal, alimentary and vascular factor.

• Hormonal factor. The relationship between the hypothalamus and fat tissue ensures a constant body weight. A special place in the chain of this interaction is leptin. An important role is also attributed to the disruption of the metabolism of female sex hormones (estrogens, prolactin), the imbalance of which leads to inhibition of fat metabolism. This explains why most often cellulite develops in women during the periods of the most hormonal changes, such as puberty (a sharp outburst of estrogen), the second half of pregnancy (anabolic processes), menopause (depletion of hormonal function of the ovaries).

Significant influence on the formation of cellulite belongs to an imbalance in the content of adrenaline in the blood, which activates fat metabolism by acting on beta-adrenoreceptors, as well as norepinephrine, which acts on alpha-adrenoceptors blocks lipolysis. Alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors are distributed fairly evenly in the body tissues, but, as it turned out, there are very few beta-receptor women in the "riding breeches" area, but a lot in the face and chest area, which explains the fastest growing weight of this area.

• Alment factor. Fatty tissue has the greatest ability to increase its volume compared to other body tissues. Unbalanced diet or excessive diet provokes hyperinsulinemia and enhances fat production. The increase in fat cells leads to a worsening of microcirculation, the development of oxygen starvation and edema of tissues.

• Vascular factor. Lymph flow and blood flow disturbance is observed at all phases of cellulite development. Difficulty of venous outflow and lymphostasis in the area of ??cellulite formation contributes to increased capillary permeability, pinpoint hemorrhages, leading to swelling of subcutaneous fat, impaired microcirculation, development of oxygen starvation, impaired metabolism of collagen fibers and inhibition of fat metabolism.

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