All newborns always appear with an open rounded window. As practice indicates, in norm, the hole is locked during the first months. But about 15-20% of patients live to the age of forty with an open rounded window.

An open rounded window in the heart is located between the atria. This small hole during embryonic development participates in the fetal circulation. By its nature, the rounded window into the heart is a mechanism of adaptive-physiological. In connection with the inactivity of the lungs, there is no need for a large flow of blood to them, oxygen enriched blood seeps to the fetus with the placenta.

An open aperture between the atria allows you to bypass a small (pulmonary) circle. This process was called "shunting". In addition, blood circulation along such a path promotes the specific intake of enriched blood to the brain, which intensively develops during the embryonic period.

Usually, a rounded window after birth is locked. This is justified by an overestimated pressure (arterial) pressure in the left part of the heart.

It must be emphasized that all newborns always appear with an open rounded window. As practice indicates, in norm, the hole is locked during the first months. But about 15-20% of patients live to the age of forty with an open rounded window. This indicator is associated with certain features in the structure of the hole itself. The fact is that the rounded window has a flap which, during the contraction in the left atrium, is covered. Thus, the penetration of blood into the atrium is prevented by the right.

But in some situations, associated with increased pressure in the chest against the background of physical stress (with the act of defecation, sneezing, coughing and other stress), the leaf opens. Preservation of the open hole is facilitated by certain structural defects of the partition, as well as the dimensions of the rounded window.

As observations show, shunting from the left to the right of blood from the atrium of the left to the right is not accompanied by any signs indicating its presence, flowing, thus, asymptomatically. Together with this, the release of blood in the opposite direction (from the right to the left atrium) can provoke permanent or transient cyanosis symptoms.

Usually, this condition is caused by an increase in the vascular resistance of the pulmonary artery system against the background of an attack of apnea, respiratory arrest, clicks and other stresses. In connection with the abnormal discharge of blood into the left atrium, throughout the newborn age, permanent cyanosis (cyanotic coloring of skin and mucosa). Eliminates the condition after the onset of a decrease in resistance in the pulmonary arteries.

Health. Sumy. Ua.

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