Laser vision correction is a microsurgical procedure for correcting refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia and astigmatism.. It is an alternative to other means of correction, such as glasses, lenses, orthokeratology..

The operation is performed on the cornea: the ophthalmic surgeon uses a laser to change the shape so that the light rays are focused on the retina in an optimal way. Laser vision correction refers to cosmetic surgery, so the main indication for its implementation is the desire of the patient..

The main reasons for choosing the method of laser correction by patients:.

Desire to improve the quality of life.

Lens/glass intolerance.

Professional requirements: work at height, military service, etc..

In addition to the wishes of the patient, the following parameters must be taken into account:.

Age.

The state of the visual system.

General health.

Indications by ageThe organs of vision are formed in a person on average up to 18 years, and during this period the refractive ability of the eye changes, so it is impossible to predict a stable result of laser correction.

At the age of 45–50, most people begin to age-related changes in the visual organs.. Muscles that change the shape of the lens lose their tone, and the lens becomes transparent. Even with minimal clouding of the lens, laser vision correction cannot be performed..

The optimal age at which surgery is indicated is from 18 to 45 years.. During this period, the visual system is in a stable state..

The state of the visual systemBefore laser correction, a complete diagnosis of the visual system is carried out.

There are certain parameters of the spherical equivalent, under which the operation is possible:.

With myopia from -1 D to -15 D.

With hypermetropia up to +3 D.

With astigmatism up to 5 D.

The actual range depends on the thickness of the cornea, it should be greater than 450 micrometers.

The task of diagnostics before surgery is to identify the absence of contraindications from the side of the eyes.

Absolute contraindications for the eyes:.

Progressive myopia.

Keratoconus with corneal thinning.

Cataract.

Glaucoma.

single eye.

Herpes simples, Herpes zoster.

Relative contraindications for the eyes:.

Penetrating scars of the cornea (in the optical zone).

Severe changes in the fundus of the eye.

Retinal changes that require prophylactic laser photocoagulation.

The General Health of the PatientFor a laser vision correction procedure, it is necessary to take into account the general condition of the patient's body. Laser correction is possible for some chronic diseases, but they must be in remission.

There are a number of diseases in which laser correction is contraindicated:.

Autoimmune conditions (collagenosis, arthritis).

Diabetes.

Mental disorders.

Primary and secondary immunodeficiency states.

Women need a stable hormonal background.

The operation must be carried out at least six months before the onset of pregnancy and three months after the end of lactation..

Difficult cases of astigmatism With astigmatism, some patients cannot tolerate spectacle toric correction.. They complain of worsening health up to nausea and dizziness.. In such cases, the patient is recommended laser correction.. Often after surgery, vision becomes noticeably better than it was with glasses..

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