Sighing breath and wheezing can be a sign of a variety of diseases of the respiratory system, allergic reactions, chemical damage to the lungs, inhalation of a foreign body, etc..

Wheezing occurs more often on exhalation.

This phenomenon is caused by a decrease in the airway clearance.

The causes of narrowing are diverse - bronchospasm, edema, partial tumor obstruction, compression in goiter or pneumothorax, foreign body.

Medical reasons for wheezing are as follows:.

Anaphylactic reaction.

This is a severe allergic reaction, which usually occurs when an allergen is injected directly into the blood - when bitten or injected. Initial signs of anaphylaxis include weakness, sneezing, itching, shortness of breath, nasal congestion, impaired swallowing, arrhythmia, hypotension, and others.. Whistling breath in anaphylaxis is observed due to a sharp narrowing of the lumen of the bronchi.

The condition requires urgent medical attention.

Foreign body.

Partial obstruction of the bronchial lumen leads to whistling and noise during breathing. There may be a dry, severe cough, hoarseness, tachycardia, cyanosis (cyanosis of the lips and face). Remaining in the respiratory tract foreign body can cause swelling, pain and fever.

Aspiration pneumonitis, or Mendelssohn syndrome.

With this disease, wheezing is accompanied by severe shortness of breath, rapid breathing, cyanosis, tachycardia, fever, cough with phlegm (sometimes purulent sputum). Aspiration pneumonitis can occur when vomit enters the lungs.

Bronchial asthma.

Wheezing is characteristic of an asthmatic attack. Cough, at first dry, soon becomes wet, with mucous sputum. Patients can not breathe normally, are frightened, while using auxiliary muscles during breathing, the exhalation is long. There may be tachycardia, sweating, cyanosis or redness of the skin.

With such an attack, you urgently need to give the patient a bronchodilator.

Damage to the lungs in case of injury, explosion.

Trauma to the lungs can lead to serious consequences, including bleeding, concussion, swelling. There may be shortness of breath, cyanosis, hemoptysis, severe chest pain. This condition requires immediate medical attention.

Bronchial adenoma.

This insidious disease causes one-sided, sometimes strong whistling when breathing. One of the signs is a recurrent hemoptysis. Symptoms of bronchial obstruction may develop later.

Bronchoectatic disease.

Disease is manifested by excessive production of mucus and obstructed, wheezing. Patients suffer from dyspnea, a chronic cough with a lot of fetid, mucopurulent sputum. Possible hemoptysis and fever.

With bronchoectatic disease, patients lose weight and experience weakness, fatigue.

Chronical bronchitis.

This is one of the most common pathologies of the respiratory system. In bronchitis, rales, coughing, shortness of breath, fatigue, sometimes a fever. In some patients, a barrel chest may form.

Tracheobronchitis (inflammation of the respiratory tract - bronchi and trachea).

Symptoms of the disease resemble symptoms of bronchitis. Tracheobronchitis is a fairly common complication of colds.

10. Lung cancer (bronchogenic carcinoma).

The tumor can block the lumen of the bronchus, causing wheezing. Other signs of lung cancer include hemoptysis, dyspnea, productive cough, anorexia, weight loss, fatigue, chest pain. Sometimes there is swelling of the upper limbs.

eleven. Chemical pneumonitis.

Chemical damage to the mucous membrane of the bronchi causes swelling and increased production of mucus, which leads to wheezing, shortness of breath. Other symptoms include: cough with phlegm, fever, wheezing, signs of conjunctivitis, rhinitis and laryngitis.

12. Emphysema of the lungs.

With emphysema, a chronic, productive cough, shortness of breath, rapid breathing, cyanosis, anorexia, weakness. Patients breathe intensively using ancillary muscles. The disease leads to a gradual decrease in lung function.

13. Pneumothorax (air in the pleural cavity).

This life-threatening condition develops with chest injuries and some serious diseases. Symptoms of pneumothorax include the following: wheezing, shortness of breath, tachycardia, sudden chest pain, dry cough, cyanosis.

With pneumothorax asymmetric movement of the chest during breathing and displacement of the trachea.

14. Pulmonary coccidiomycosis.

This is a fungal lung disease in which the patient may develop wheezing, shortness of breath, cough, fever, headache, chest pain, weakness, anorexia and a rash on the body.

15. Pulmonary edema.

This life-threatening condition can be accompanied by coughing, bouts of shortness of breath, tachycardia, later - orthopnea (shortness of breath in lying position). Pulmonary edema requires urgent treatment.

16. Embolism of the pulmonary artery.

Severe condition, which is characterized by wheezing, shortness of breath, chest pain, impaired cardiac activity, cyanotic skin. Occurs when the pulmonary vessel is clogged with an embolus (air bubble).

17th. Pulmonary tuberculosis.

This disease can cause wheezing in the late stages, when severe lung damage developed, fibrosis.

18. The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

This viral infection affects the airways. The disease is very contagious. It manifests as a runny nose, a cough, a slight increase in temperature. In young children, the disease is difficult, often with the development of bronchiolitis or pneumonia.

19. Endemic goiter (thyroid disease).

The disease can be manifested only by a violation of swallowing and wheezing - this is due to the pressure of the enlarged thyroid gland on the respiratory tract and esophagus.

20. Wegener's granulomatosis.

It is an inflammatory disease in which special inflammatory foci are formed in the body - granulomas that affect the walls of blood vessels.

Patients may have coughing (sometimes with blood), shortness of breath, chest pain, hemorrhagic skin rashes, progressive kidney failure.

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