Spring is a time of love and a cold. Stuffy nose, headache, wet handkerchiefs - with these signs of spring are familiar, alas, almost everyone. Why does not the nose want to breathe in the spring, as expected? How to treat and how not to treat a runny nose - the most massive of all diseases that plague humanity?.
To answer these simple questions, one must at least understand what the reason for a wet nose. And, strangely enough, the answers modern medicine gives is far from simple, and sometimes even does not know them, according to the Internet edition for girls and women from 14 to 35 years old Pannochka. Net Coryza we do not consider a serious illness. And completely in vain. If it is not treated, it can easily poison a lifetime of headache, increased fatigue, hearing loss and even memory impairment.
But amateur treatment with the help of drops, which fall into the arm in the nearest pharmacy, is also not an option. First, many of these drops have a vasoconstrictive effect and can lead to a sharp narrowing of the vessels not only in the nose, but also in the eyes and brain. For those who have high blood pressure, this can result in big trouble. Secondly, such drops can be used only for a very limited time-no more than five or even three days, as they are informed in good faith of the instructions for use. And the runny nose, as luck would have it, only blossoms in all its glory during this time.
In addition, the rhinitis (more correctly - rhinitis, that is, inflammation of the nasal mucosa) is a common cold, its causes are unusually diverse: infection, curvature of the nasal septum, adenoids and polyps, foreign body caught in the nose, finally - allergies. And the treatment in all these cases is different.
The common cold from the "cold" is actually caused by a multitude of different viruses. But at a so-called comfort temperature - plus 18-20 degrees Celsius - viruses can not penetrate the mucous membrane of the nose. And in the spring, when we are happy to take off winter clothes and especially headgear, and the weather is still unstable, hypothermia is even more likely than in winter, and the path for viruses is open.
Curvature of the nasal septum and polyps in the nose require surgical treatment. But hurry with the removal of adenoids in children doctors are often not advised. Adenoids, or pharyngeal tonsils, together with the tonsils of the palatines make up the front line of defense against infection and allergens falling into the respiratory system. With a chronic runny nose of a different nature, adenoids often increase in size, making it difficult to nasal breathing, and often even worsening hearing. But just in children prone to allergic or infectious rhinitis, adenoids - as a barrier to disease - it is important to preserve. In addition, as they grow older, they become smaller and no longer disturb.
But the most painful cold, sometimes with a cough and suffocation, is hay fever, or seasonal pollinosis, that is, a disease of an allergic nature. In the spring it can cause pollen of trees and flowers and spores of mushrooms flying in the atmosphere. If the spring-summer runny nose overtakes you approximately at the same time, compare its arrival with a schedule of flowering plants. There are three waves in it. The first is in April-May, when the trees bloom: birch, alder, hazel and. The second - in June, when tender pollen covers grasses. And in July-August, "bitter" weeds - wormwood and quinoa "dust". Historians argue that the great Napoleon was defeated at Waterloo solely because he suffered from hay fever and started a battle in the dusting season. In fact, try to command the army yourself, when it flows from the nose, the eyes water, and the mood is preppy.
Diagnosis of pollinosis is simple. An experienced physician should ask the patient in sufficient detail how, when and in what form the malaise begins. For clarification there is a simple and inexpensive procedure - skin tests. There is a more expensive and even more accurate method - the determination of an allergic reaction for blood serum. Unfortunately, the propensity to allergies is inherited. If she suffers from one parent, the probability of getting sick for a child is 30-35%, if allergy sufferers both - the probability reaches 70%. But often the disease occurs spontaneously - in those whose parents have never been seen in anything similar.
The greatest number of allergy sufferers is noted in the so-called civilized countries, especially in large cities. In Germany, every fourth person is sick, in the US and Russia - one in six, in Moscow - one in five. Prospects are disappointing. According to scientists, the allergy will be the main disease of the XXI century, ahead of all the others.
The general principle of treating allergies is to reduce the sensitivity of a person to a particular allergen. To do this, microscopic doses introduce a substance to which the body reacts so violently, as if "accustoming" the immune system not to react to it so painfully.
There is also a kind of "rules of allergies" - the rules, the observance of which helps to circumvent a cunning disease. They are simple and accessible to everyone. A diet is known, which must also be observed. The fact is that some food products have the ability to stimulate the production of a special substance of histamine, which "starts" the allergic reaction. Moreover, the reaction to flowering trees and herbs can be accompanied by a so-called cross-food allergy-intolerance to specific products. So, the allergy to flowering of trees is often accompanied by intolerance of apples, nuts, birch sap, honey, preparations from pollen of plants. Cross-reaction can also be a reaction to cosmetic products from natural raw materials - extracts, shampoos, creams, lotions from plants. Their use can cause contact dermatitis - a very unpleasant allergic skin lesion.
The most powerful allergen can be domestic animals, house dust, which contains microscopic insects, the products of life to all familiar cockroaches and t. In the practice of allergy specialists of the Institute of Immunology, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, there are many examples where simply a good cleaning and trash thrown out of the house - old things, shoes, household appliances that have failed - dramatically improved the condition of the patient.
- If the disease is diagnosed at early stages and adequately treated, it can be successfully controlled, - says Natalia Ilina, MD, chief physician of the Research Institute of Immunology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. - If the allergic rhinitis is not treated, the risk of bronchial asthma increases several times. Watch for allergens.
To prevent allergies in advance about the imminent danger, pollen monitoring centers have been established in all major cities of the world. Traps - something like a vacuum cleaner with special Velcro filters - lift to a height of 10 meters and catch all kinds of pollen and mushroom spores in the air. Data on the amount of pollen in the air are placed on special sites on the Internet, where they can be used by both the doctor and the patient. And the measures taken in time will allow to maintain health, efficiency and good mood.
Three years ago, scientists from the Institute of Immunology of the Ministry of Health and the Faculty of Biology of Moscow State University in collaboration with the pharmaceutical company "Nycomed" set up a monitoring center in Moscow, then opened a similar office in St. Petersburg, and recently - in Smolensk and Irkutsk. In a daily mode on a site www. Kestine. Ru you can get information about which trees and flowers are "dusting" now. Today in Moscow, for example, has already begun the dusting of poplar and hazel, and the dusting of alders - in the midst of medicus. En.
Keywords:.