Astronomers with the help of a powerful Lofar radio telescope found the largest plasma stream flying out of the black hole in the early universe. The double jet has a total length of about 215,000 light years, which is 2 times the size of our galaxy Milky Way. The study is published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, Space writes.

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It is believed that all large galaxies have an ultra -massive black hole in the center. Когда она активно притягивает к себе материю, то вокруг черной дыры формируется аккреционный диск из горячего газа и пыли. The strongest gravity of the ultra-massive black hole creates huge friction in the accretion disk, which is why the gas heats up and begins to glow brightly. Sometimes this leads to the fact that the black hole creates quasar - one of the brightest objects in the universe.

Matter falls from the accretion disc into the black hole, which allows it to grow and gain mass. But not all matter falls into a black hole. Part of it moves to the poles of the black hole and flies out in the form of a double jet of plasma. That is, this stream flies in different directions from the black hole. Such jets can be detected using radio telescopes.

Astronomers discovered the largest stream of super -massive black hole, which is a quasar called J1601+3102, in the early universe. This black hole released its double stream when the universe was 1.2 billion years, while the total age of the Universe is estimated at 13.8 billion years. The double jet has a total length of about 215,000 light years, which is twice as much as the size of the Milky Way.

Although super -marked black holes, creating quasars, have a mass of billions of times more than that of the Sun, J1601+3102 surprisingly has a smaller mass, scientists say. The study showed that the mass of the black hole is about 450 million times more than the mass of the sun. According to scientists, this means that in order to create such powerful jets in the early Universe, extremely massive black holes were not necessary, which should very actively absorb the matter.

Astronomers found out that a stream of black hole consisting of two parts is asymmetric. That is, part of the jet of a black hole flying in different directions are not similar to each other. One part of the stream is not only shorter than the other, but also much brighter. Scientists believe that an extreme environment around the ultra -massive black hole can influence streams.

Scientists now intend to get more about a large -scale stream of a black hole, as well as about how speed the latter absorbs gas and dust for a mass of mass. According to astronomers, the study of jets of black holes helps to understand how they form and affect the evolution of the galaxy.

But it is especially interesting to study the jets of black holes in the early Universe, scientists say, because it remains to be found out exactly when they began to release black holes in the early universe and why they are able to create such powerful and long jets.

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