Papillomas are benign neoplasms that can appear on any part of the skin and mucous membranes, from the head to the genitals.. The cause of their appearance is papillomavirus infection (human papillomavirus, HPV). Papillomas in the vagina not only bring discomfort to a woman, but are also associated with a high oncogenic risk.. There is no specific drug treatment for papillomatosis; surgical removal of formations is used - cryodestruction, laser therapy, electrocoagulation.

Papillomas in the vagina are detected during a gynecological examination Causes of vaginal papillomas. To date, about 100 species and more than 600 strains of papillomaviruses are known.. Some of them have oncogenic properties, that is, they can cause malignant degeneration of tissues - cancer of the cervix, vulva.

The disease develops in immunocompromised individuals.. The presence of the following conditions can contribute to a decrease in the function of the immune system:.

taking glucocorticoids and cytostatics;

oncological diseases of any localization;

chronic intoxication;

exposure;

chronic infectious diseases (viral hepatitis, helminthiases);

deficiencies of vitamins and proteins in the diet;

kidney disease (chronic glomerulonephritis, chronic renal failure);

consequences of injuries and massive operations.

In most cases, the infection occurs through sexual contact.. But papillomas at the entrance to the vagina can appear without sexual contact, for example, with household infection - visiting public places (pool, bath, toilet). Infection is facilitated by a violation of the integrity of the skin and mucous membrane - scratches, minor injuries, abrasions. Self-infection during epilation and shaving is also possible.. The incubation period is 1-2 months, that is, the growth does not appear immediately after infection.

How pathology manifests itself Papillomas are small formations in the form of nodules that rise above the skin. What do vaginal papillomas look like (seen in the photo):.

Outwardly similar to a papilla, they can grow, taking the form of a cockscomb.

In most cases they are flesh-colored, the color can vary from white to brown.

Can be single or multiple (in this case, the disease is called papillomatosis).

The size is from 0.2 to 2 mm, much less often the formation grows to 1-2 cm.

Localization can be different: the walls of the vagina, the area of \u200b\u200bsmall and large labia, perineum, near the anus.

Additional symptoms in most cases are absent, the disease has an asymptomatic treatment. Formations are detected only during examination.

Diagnostic methods If papillomas are found in the vagina, it is better to consult a doctor. Diagnosis of pathology is not difficult - papilloma can be detected during a routine examination.

What studies can be assigned additionally:.

Colposcopy - a method of visual assessment of the vaginal mucosa under 10x magnification.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of vaginal scrapings. Using PCR, you can determine the pathogen and its type, the degree of oncogenicity.

After examination and research, a decision is made on the need to remove neoplasms.

How to treat There are no specific medications that would allow you to get rid of papillomavirus infection.. Therapy consists in the removal of neoplasms, that is, in the fight against the consequences of the action of viruses.. For this purpose, surgical methods are used, folk remedies are ineffective and can damage the mucous membrane..

General therapyDrug treatment is prescribed in severe cases when there is a high risk of oncogenicity. In this case, systemic and local antiviral drugs (Acyclovir) and immunomodulators are used..

Destructive methods of treatmentTreatment consists in the surgical removal of formations. For this purpose, methods such as cryodestruction, laser therapy, electrocoagulation, surgical excision can be used.. Less commonly used chemical cauterization.

Treatment method.

How is it carried out.

Advantages and disadvantages.

Cryodestruction.

Cryodestruction is based on the action of liquid nitrogen. The procedure is performed without anesthesia, its duration is 5-30 seconds. Under the influence of liquid nitrogen, tissues freeze, a bubble forms at this place, which disappears in 2 weeks..

Cryodestruction is suitable for removing small formations.

The advantages include minimally invasive and painless method. Disadvantage - it is impossible to remove large formations, sometimes several sessions are required.

Laser therapy.

With the help of a laser, it is possible to remove formations, regardless of their localization.. Due to the high precision of laser exposure, no traces remain on the skin and mucous membranes.

The main advantage of the operation is minimally invasive and no consequences. The disadvantages include high cost.

Electrocoagulation.

Electrocoagulation is a treatment method based on the effect of electric current.. The skin at the site of exposure is cauterized with an electric current.

The advantages include the availability of the method and the low risk of postoperative complications..

Surgical excision.

Surgical excision consists in removing the papilloma with a scalpel and suturing the wound.. The operation is performed under anesthesia or local anesthesia..

The disadvantages include the radical nature of the operation, as well as the fact that after removal, a scar remains on the skin..

Chemical cauterization.

To remove papillomas, chemicals can be used - nitric and trichloroacetic acid, Solcoderm.

The disadvantages include less effective treatment, the likelihood of getting a burn of the vaginal mucosa. Advantages - accessibility and minimally invasive.

Are vaginal papillomas dangerous Not in all cases, neoplasms on the vagina pose a danger to the human body. It all depends on the type of papillomavirus - whether it has oncogenic properties or not.

Papillomas on the genitals are much more often caused by oncogenic viruses, which is why their appearance worries doctors.

Vaginal papillomas pose a danger in relation to possible degeneration into cancer Is it possible to prevent the disease The appearance of neoplasms on the vagina can be prevented. There are methods of specific and non-specific prevention. Specific prevention of papillomavirus in the vagina is vaccination. There are two vaccines that help to avoid the development of papillomavirus infection (infection with oncogenic strains):.

Gardasil;

Cervarix.

Vaccination is carried out for girls, starting from 10-11 years old, three times. Vaccination protects against oncogenic strains of HPV and thus against the development of certain malignant tumors, including cervical cancer..

Nonspecific prevention methods include barrier contraception, personal hygiene. Barrier contraception does not avoid all cases of infection, since even when using condoms, damaged skin areas may come into contact with viruses. Reduces the risk of infection by observing the rules of personal hygiene, as well as strengthening the immune system - nutrition with sufficient intake of vitamins and proteins, an active lifestyle, hardening.

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