Endoscopy - diagnostics of internal organs with the help of special devices - endoscopes.

Endoscopy methodThe method of endoscopic examination is that a soft tube is inserted through the holes into the human body, at the end of which a light device and a microcamera are attached. This tube is called an endoscope.. Its diameter does not exceed 4 mm.

Different endoscopes are designed for different areas of medicine. For endoscopy of the stomach, upper digestive tract, duodenum, gastroduodenoscopes are used, enteroscopes are used to examine the small intestine, colonoscopes are used for endoscopy of the intestine, bronchoscopes are used for the respiratory tract.

In some manipulations, the endoscope is inserted through the mouth (gastric endoscopy), in others through the rectum (intestinal endoscopy), through the larynx, urethra and nose (nasopharyngeal endoscopy). For laparoscopy, for example, special holes have to be made in the abdominal cavity..

TypesThere are many types of endoscopy. Using this procedure, you can study the condition of such vital organs as the abdominal cavity, vagina, small intestine and duodenum, ureters, bile ducts, esophagus, hearing organs, bronchi, uterine cavity, as well as make endoscopy of the stomach, endoscopy of the intestine, endoscopy.

The endoscope can be passed through the vessels and check their condition, as well as view the heart and cardiac chambers. In our age, an endoscope can even get into the brain and give the doctor the opportunity to view the ventricles of the brain..

All types of endoscopic examinations are aimed at revealing minimal changes in the mucous membrane, which can later lead to oncology.. Also, the procedure allows to detect oncology at an early stage and remove the tumor, which significantly increases the chances of cancer patients to survive..

Cancer in the early stages is generally impossible to detect with the help of another study, so today there is no alternative to endoscopy..

In addition to diagnostics, this procedure has found wide application in surgery, urology, gynecology and other fields.. With its help, doctors stop bleeding, remove tumors in the early stages. The procedure allows not only to diagnose internal organs, but also to take a sample of neoplasm tissue for analysis..

The technique is also widely used in plastic surgery, for example, endoscopy of the forehead and eyebrows.. Forehead endoscopy allows you to raise eyebrows, remove or reduce the number of facial wrinkles on the forehead and between the eyebrows. Forehead endoscopy is very popular due to the fact that it leaves almost no scars..

How the endoscopy procedure is carried out During endoscopy of the stomach, the device is inserted through the mouth and the mucous membrane is examined on the monitor. At the same time, air is supplied through the endoscope - this is necessary for a more detailed examination.. The procedure lasts approximately 15-20 minutes.

In order for the study to be more accurate, it is necessary to properly prepare for it.. 8-12 hours before the procedure, it is advisable not to eat or drink anything..

Gastroscopy - a painful examination that causes a gag reflex in the patient.

Transnasal endoscopy is tolerated by patients much easier, since there is no gag reflex with it..

Endoscopy of the stomach is done to clarify the diagnosis and detect changes.

Bowel endoscopy is a more painful and lengthy exercise. Pain can be caused by features of the intestine, adhesions. The procedure itself takes from 30 minutes to 1 hour.. Anesthesia is often used during colonoscopy..

When performing a colonoscopy, preparation is also important.. Here it is recommended to switch to a slag-free diet three days before the procedure..

Indications for colonoscopy are stool disorders, mucus and blood discharge, pain, bleeding from the colon.

Bronchoscopy is performed by inserting a thin endoscope through the nose, larynx and vocal cords directly into the trachea. This allows you to examine the bronchial tree from the inside.. The study is indicated for pneumonia, bronchitis, suspected tumor.

During endoscopy of the nasopharynx, an endoscope is inserted into the nose, which allows you to see the picture inside the nose and possible polyps. Endoscopy of the nasopharynx is indicated for difficulty breathing, nosebleeds, impaired sense of smell, polyps and vague headaches.

Endoscopy of the nasopharynx allows to detect pathological changes in the nasal mucosa without the intervention of surgical methods.

Video capsule endoscopyThis type is a new direction in medicine. The method consists in the fact that the patient swallows a plastic capsule, which is no larger than a regular capsule with medicine.. The capsule passes through all the digestive organs, while the entire image is recorded on a special device, and it, in turn, transmits all the data to the screen.

Video capsule endoscopy was patented in America at the beginning of this century and is rapidly gaining momentum.. The capsule itself weighs 4 grams.. , and its length is 2.5 cm. One end of the capsule is transparent, behind it is hidden a lens, a micro-camera and LEDs. The rest of the capsule contains the transmitter, battery and antenna..

Video capsule endoscopy is very convenient, as it allows, without interruption from the main activities of the patient, to carry out a complete endoscopy of the stomach, endoscopy of the intestines and digestive tract. In addition, such a study allows you to see even those sections of the intestine that are not accessible during conventional endoscopic examination..

However, video capsule endoscopy has one significant disadvantage.. Unfortunately, this technique can only be used to study the digestive organs..

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