Physical exercises for osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral spine are one of the most important components of complex treatment.. Their regular implementation helps to improve metabolic processes in the intervertebral discs, the formation of a muscular corset that supports the spinal column and relieves it of excessive load.

Properly and regularly performed exercises can significantly alleviate the condition of patients with osteochondrosis and slow down its progression. Therapeutic gymnastics. With its regular use in humans:.

strengthens back and abdominal muscles;

improves coordination of movements;

reduced compression of blood vessels and nerve roots of the spinal cord.

Complexes of therapeutic gymnastics are classified into several groups depending on the level of complexity.. You should start classes with the simplest exercises and move on to more complex ones only as you reach the proper level of body training..

Indications for choosing a gymnastic complex. After the patient learns how to perform all the exercises correctly, he can continue the exercises on his own at home..

The complex should be selected by the attending physician, taking into account the characteristics of the disease, age and general condition of the patient. Self-employment can cause serious harm to health.

The main indications for choosing a gymnastic complex are:.

Difficulty level.

Indications.

The first group of exercises.

It is prescribed mainly for the elderly, during an exacerbation of the disease or in its severe course..

The second group of exercises.

Performed during the period of subsiding of acute manifestations of the disease, as well as with osteochondrosis of moderate severity.

The third group of exercises.

It is recommended for patients with the first degree of the disease in the absence of acute pain..

Fourth group of exercises.

It is prescribed for persistent remission, as well as for the prevention of osteochondrosis.

Exercises of the first group of complexity Starting position lying on your back:.

Grasp the back of the bed with your hands and stretch your whole body, stretching your socks. Hold this position for 3-5 seconds. Repeat 5-6 times.

Bend your legs at the knees. Grab your left knee with your hands and slowly pull it towards your chest.. Return to starting position. Repeat 10 times and then do it with the right leg.

Legs bent at the knees. Slowly straighten one leg and lift it up. Return to starting position. Repeat the exercise with the second leg. It is necessary to perform the exercise 5-6 times for each leg.

Bend your left leg at the knee and lift it up. With your left hand, press on the knee and slightly move it to the right. Return to starting position. Repeat the exercise 10-12 times and then do it with the left leg.

Legs bent at the knees, arms along the body. Leaning on the feet and palms, raise the pelvis and stay in this position for 5-10 seconds. Slowly return to starting position. Repeat 5-8 times.

When you have finished doing gymnastic exercises, get out of bed and stretch, raising your arms above your head.. Then, exhaling, bend down and perform a few swings to the sides with completely relaxed hands..

In severe cases of osteochondrosis and exacerbation of the disease, patients should lie on a flat hard surface, placing a small roller under the knee joints..

The second group of exercisesExercises are performed while standing, feet shoulder-width apart.

Raise your arms up, stretching your whole body. Exhale, lean down and perform a few swings with completely relaxed arms..

Hands are as relaxed as possible and lowered down. Perform turns with the body to the right and left so that the hands go back and reach the buttocks.

Hands on the waist. Perform 5 tilts forward, backward, right, left. Then perform several rotational movements of the upper body clockwise, and then counterclockwise.

Hands on the waist. Perform rotational movements of the pelvis clockwise and counterclockwise.

The legs are slightly bent at the knee joints, the palms are located on the front surface of the thighs. Leaning on your palms, arch your back, straightening your shoulders and trying to bring your shoulder blades together. Hold this position for 5-10 seconds and slowly return to the starting position. Repeat exercise 10 times.

The third group of exercises This complex includes exercises that involve not only the muscles of the back, but also the abdominal muscles:.

Lie on your back, stretch your arms along the body. Raise your fully extended legs off the floor and hold them for 5-10 seconds. Return to starting position. Repeat 10-12 times.

Starting position lying on your back. Slightly raise straightened legs above the floor and perform slow movements to the right and left with them..

Starting position lying on your back. Raise your straightened legs and take small “steps” in the air with them..

Starting position lying on your back, legs raised above the floor. Perform side swings with them, imitating the movements of scissor blades.

Starting position lying on the stomach, arms along the body. Raise your upper body and perform light rocking movements from side to side with it.

Starting position lying on the stomach, palms on the back of the head. Slowly raise and lower your upper body. Repeat exercise 8-12 times.

Starting position on all fours. Raise your left arm and right leg, fully straightening them. Return to starting position. Then do the exercise with the right arm and left leg.

Starting position sitting on the floor, legs straightened and spread apart. Perform alternately tilts to the right, then to the left leg, trying to reach the fingertips with your fingers.

Starting position standing, feet shoulder width apart. Perform forward bends, trying to reach the toes of the opposite leg with your fingers..

ten. Starting position standing, feet shoulder width apart, hands on the belt. Perform left and right bends.

The fourth group of exercises Includes the usual complex for morning exercises. With good fitness, exercises can be performed with weights using kettlebells weighing 1-2 kg. In addition, patients are recommended to engage in those sports that exclude significant stress on the spine.. Most useful:.

swimming;

water aerobics;

Pilates;

yoga.

Naturally, the division of physical exercises into different categories of complexity is rather arbitrary.. For one person, they may be too difficult, but for another, on the contrary, they are too easy.. It depends both on the initial general level of physical fitness of the patient, and on the stage of osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral spine.. Therefore, it is very important that the set of exercises is selected by the attending physician, who knows the characteristics of the course of the disease and the general state of human health..

Water aerobics is a useful type of physical activity on the lumbosacral spine What is osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral spine? Between the vertebral bodies are intervertebral discs formed by cartilage. They play a cushioning role.. Under the influence of prolonged static-dynamic loads, the cartilaginous tissue of the intervertebral discs begins to lose moisture and is sequestered.. As a result, there is an increased load on the vertebral bodies, irritation of the nerve roots occurs, which leads to the appearance of aching pain in the lumbar region..

Periodically, the pain intensifies, begins to radiate to the lower extremities. The following factors can provoke the occurrence of an acute attack:.

hypothermia;

significant physical stress;

serious stress.

Causes of occurrenceFactors that can cause the development of osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine are:.

back injury;

hereditary predisposition;

lack of physical activity or, conversely, excessive physical activity;

age over 30;

diseases of the musculoskeletal system (scoliosis, flat feet, cocarthrosis);

obesity.

Symptoms The clinical picture develops slowly. Initially, pain in the lower back occurs during movement (when turning or tilting the body). The pain is usually aching in nature and can sometimes radiate to the leg.. With damage to the nerve roots in the zone of their innervation, various violations of skin sensitivity (paresthesia) are observed.. Over time, tendon reflexes decrease and muscle atrophy develops..

In the clinical picture of the disease, several stages are distinguished:.

Stage.

Description.

Characterized by a feeling of discomfort in the lumbar region. During physical exertion in the lumbar region there is a mild dull pain that can radiate to the buttocks.

Due to the destruction of the fibrous ring, the distance between the vertebral bodies decreases. This increases the risk of pinching the spinal nerve roots.. With an awkward movement, the patient has a sharp pain in the lower back, radiating to the leg. Deterioration of exercise tolerance.

There is a destruction of the fibrous ring and prolapse of fragments of the nucleus pulposus, that is, the formation of an intervertebral hernia occurs. Pain becomes pronounced. Remission periods are shortened.

Bone growths cause serious spinal deformity. Pain is permanent. Muscle atrophy develops. Possible dysfunction of the pelvic organs.

TreatmentTherapy of osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral spine should be comprehensive and aimed at the following goals:.

achieving muscle relaxation;

relief of pain syndrome;

elimination of inflammation of the affected spinal roots;

restoration of normal mobility in the affected segment of the spinal column;

formation of the muscular corset;

formation of correct posture.

To achieve these goals, the following methods of treatment are used:.

manual therapy;

back massage;

drug therapy (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants, B vitamins);

physiotherapy exercises (LFK);

physiotherapy (electrophoresis, UHF, reflexology, mud therapy);

apitherapy;

phytotherapy.

If long-term conservative treatment fails, surgery is indicated..

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