In Ukraine, the law will soon enter into force, according to which they will begin to be fined for the lack of captivity. We are talking about fines up to 8,500 hryvnias, and in the case of human death - about deprivation of liberty up to 8 years. But they will be fined exclusively by the heads of institutions on whose balance she is this or that shelter, however, and this will not mean that without interference it will be possible to get into all objects of the protective fund.
" In case of failure to access shelters - a fine from 1700 to 3400 UAH. For violation of the rules of the content of shelters, which makes them unsuitable - from 2550 to 5100 UAH. For repeated violation during the year - from 5100 to 8500 UAH. And in the event that all this led to the death of people or other serious consequences, it provides for imprisonment for a period of 3 to 8 years, ”Shulyak noted.
She emphasized that not employees of bodies and institutions, for one reason or another, did not allow citizens, but exclusively heads of institutions on the balance sheet of which are sheltering. At the same time, the legislation does not contain clear norms for organizing access to shelters. This can complicate the application of new norms in practice. The law is aimed at improving the security of citizens, but its implementation needs additional clarifications and control, Narflake noted.
According to her, persons who are responsible only for the structures entered into the Fund of Protective Civil Protection Buildings can incur protected or criminal liability. At the same time, a recent study conducted by the volunteers of the Civil Freedom Center Ozone showed that on average from a third to half of the shelters indicated on online cards, they do not exist or are closed. Shulyak emphasized that only 62.6% of shelters were opened in Kyiv, and experts estimated their general condition at only 3 points out of 10. In Cherkasy, this figure is 48.5%, in Vinnitsa - 50%, and in Nikolaev there were only a third of the shelters open. The worst situation in Chernigov, where out of 28% of the shelters indicated on the map, only 15.6% turned out to be open. That is why in Ukraine it is planned to conduct an inventory of all shelters and put them into a special register. Elena Shulyak also drew attention to the fact that even open shelters often do not meet the minimum requirements. Most of them do not have good ventilation, toilets, sites for sitting, drinking or technical water supply.
The accessibility for people with disabilities or with pets also remains a problem, although the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine from 2024 officially allows you to be in shelters with animals. The parliamentarian explained that to correct the situation at the end of 2024, the Verkhovna Rada adopted bill No. 11345. The document provides for:.
" The bill on this - No. 9362-1, was submitted in June last year and this was preceded by the death of three people during the shelling of Kyiv. The guard of the clinic did not open their shelter. The man was sentenced to four years in prison for leaving people in danger. In the end, the document was adopted on January 9, and on January 29 the president signed this law. He will enter into force from the day of publication, despite the fact that in the first version of the bill it was about entering into force three months later from the date of its publication, ”Shulyak noted.