This week, two landing modules from private companies will be launched on Elon Marsk's SpaceX rocket, marking the beginning of a major invasion of the Earth's satellite this year, writes Space.

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SpaceX's Falcon 9 launch vehicle is scheduled to launch on January 15. It will deliver two landing modules from private companies into low-Earth orbit, which will then go to the Moon.. Both modules are part of NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) program to deliver scientific instruments to the surface of the Moon to study it..

The Blue Ghost lander from the American company Firefly Aerospace and the Resilience lander from the Japanese company ispace will launch into space on the Falcon 9 rocket..

The Blue Ghost module will orbit the Earth for 25 days. Then he will fly to the moon, which will take 4 days. After this, the module will orbit the Moon for 16 days and only after that will try to land on the territory of the Sea of \u200b\u200bCrisis on the Moon.

The Blue Ghost lander will conduct scientific research on the surface of the Moon for two weeks, and when the lunar night falls there, it will finish its work and turn off.. The fact is that during a lunar night the module will not be able to receive enough sunlight to charge its batteries.

The Resilience landing module will fly to the Moon along a different trajectory, and therefore will attempt to land on the territory of the Sea of \u200b\u200bCold only 4-5 months after launch. On board the module is a small rover called Tenacious, which is supposed to collect samples of lunar soil.. At the same time, the module will also conduct research on the lunar surface.

For ispace, this will be the second attempt to land its module on the Moon as part of the Hakuto-R program. In April 2023, the company's first lunar module crashed while attempting to land on the Moon..

In February, a landing module from the American company Intuitive Machines, which alone among all private NASA contractors managed to successfully land its vehicle on the Moon, will be sent to the Earth’s satellite.. In February 2024, the Nova-C lander as part of the IM-1 mission delivered several NASA scientific instruments to the Moon after landing near the Malapert A crater, 300 km from the lunar south pole.

The IM-2 mission's lander will also travel to the Moon's south polar region and should land near Shackleton Crater and should also deliver new scientific instruments as part of the CLPS program. This module should confirm the presence of water ice in this region of the Moon.

Intuitive Machines has planned an IM-3 mission to the Moon for late 2025, when the Nova-C lander will deliver another set of NASA science instruments.

This year, the American company Astrobotic plans to send its Griffin lander to the Moon as part of the CLPS program. Last year, the company's lunar module, Peregrine, didn't even make it to the moon and had to be sent back to burn up in Earth's atmosphere..

NASA's CLPS program aims not only to study the Moon more thoroughly, but also to prepare for the landing of astronauts in 2027.

Focus has already written about other important space missions planned for 2025. All of them are of great importance for a better understanding of space.

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