The treatment of bronchitis during pregnancy is somewhat complicated by the fact that the use of some medicines is contraindicated during this period, since it can have adverse effects on the baby, according to Pannochka, an online publication for girls and women from 14 to 35 years old.. net The disease can be a dangerous possibility of intrauterine infection of the child, bringing the uterus into tone with the threat of miscarriage, hypoxia of the developing fetus (especially with obstructive bronchitis in a pregnant woman), the formation of developmental anomalies, the birth of a child with insufficient body weight.
The appearance of signs of bronchitis during pregnancy is an occasion to immediately consult a doctor. Causes and risk factors Bronchitis is a disease in which the inflammatory process occurs in the bronchial mucosa. The main causes of its occurrence are infections (bacterial, viral, fungal), in addition, bronchitis can occur under the influence of exposure to the bronchial mucosa of allergens, vapors of chemicals.
Recovery from bronchitis during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy may be delayed due to stagnation of sputum, when the enlarged uterus pushes the diaphragm, the latter's mobility decreases, cough becomes ineffective.
A risk factor for the development of the disease is prolonged inhalation of too cold, hot or dry air. Other factors include active and passive smoking, anomalies in the development of the nasopharynx, alcohol abuse, exposure to adverse environmental factors, the presence of industrial hazards, hypothermia, as well as frequent infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract, decreased immunity, genetic predisposition.
Symptoms The main manifestation of bronchitis is cough, in very rare cases this symptom is absent.. It is aggravated in the morning, after physical exertion, when inhaling cold air. Cough at the beginning of the disease, as a rule, dry, sputum begins to separate later.
Bronchitis can be acute or chronic. The acute form lasts up to 3-4 weeks. With chronic symptoms persist for at least 3 months a year for 2 years or more, the disease proceeds with periods of exacerbations and remissions. Often exacerbations of chronic bronchitis occur during pregnancy..
Bronchitis can also be obstructive or non-obstructive.. With a non-obstructive form of the disease, spasms in the bronchi are not observed.. Sputum is usually light, its excretion occurs without difficulty, respiratory function does not suffer. With obstructive bronchitis, inflammation leads to swelling of the mucous membrane, accumulation of sputum in the lumen of the bronchi, while the lumen narrows, breathing becomes difficult, and the cough becomes unproductive.
In women, during the disease, the general condition worsens, body temperature may increase, but slightly (usually not higher than 38 ° C). In acute bronchitis, nasal congestion, discharge from the nasal cavity, a feeling of rawness behind the sternum are often observed.. In addition, there is a headache, daytime sleepiness, lethargy, decreased performance.
Bronchitis can be acute or chronic. The acute form lasts up to 3-4 weeks. With chronic symptoms persist for at least 3 months a year for 2 years or more, the disease proceeds with periods of exacerbations and remissions.
With the transition of the disease to a chronic form, in addition to the mucous membrane, deeper layers of the bronchial wall may be involved in the pathological process, the cleansing function of the organ is disturbed.
With the defeat of the small bronchi, as well as obstruction, shortness of breath occurs, increased sweating is observed, pain behind the sternum occurs. Breathing is difficult, may be accompanied by whistling sounds.
Recovery from bronchitis during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy may be delayed due to stagnation of sputum, when the enlarged uterus pushes the diaphragm, the latter's mobility decreases, cough becomes ineffective.
DiagnosisTo make a diagnosis, complaints and anamnesis are collected, an objective examination, a laboratory study of blood, sputum. To clarify the diagnosis of bronchitis in a future mother, spirometry may be required.. X-ray examination and bronchoscopy are performed in rare cases when the diagnosis is difficult.
Differential diagnosis is carried out with bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia.
How to treat bronchitis in pregnant womenIt is important to follow all the recommendations of the attending physician and refuse self-medication. Any medicines and methods for bronchitis during pregnancy can be used only after consulting a doctor. Otherwise, it can pose a danger to both the health of the pregnant woman and the developing fetus..
Patients with obstructive bronchitis and / or with a high risk of developing complications are hospitalized. In other cases, treatment is carried out at home.. At elevated body temperature, bed rest is indicated. The room where the patient is located should be often ventilated, and the air should also be humidified, which will create optimal conditions for a speedy cure..
With the defeat of the small bronchi, as well as obstruction, shortness of breath occurs, increased sweating is observed, pain behind the sternum occurs. Breathing is difficult, may be accompanied by whistling sounds.
In bronchitis of infectious etiology, depending on the type of pathogen, antibacterial, antiviral, antimycotic agents may be prescribed.. For the treatment of bronchitis during pregnancy up to the 2nd trimester, the use of antibiotics is undesirable, but in some cases they are necessary - when it comes to prolonged bronchitis, a high risk of complications, the risk of infection of the fetus, the transition of the disease to pneumonia. What antibiotics can be used by a woman during pregnancy, and whether it is permissible to use these drugs in the early stages of bearing a child, the attending physician decides in each individual case.
To improve the excretion of sputum, mucolytics, expectorants can be prescribed.. A number of mucolytic drugs are prescribed only from the 2nd trimester, since they are contraindicated for the treatment of bronchitis during pregnancy in the 1st trimester..
With an increase in body temperature, the use of antipyretics may be required. Expectant mothers should be prescribed with great care.
To facilitate the removal of sputum and relieve inflammation, inhalations are prescribed, which can be alkaline, saline.. They should be carried out no earlier than 1-1.5 hours after eating, the duration of the procedure should be 5-10 minutes, usually 1-2 procedures are performed per day. After inhalation, you should not eat for an hour.
Any medicines, including traditional medicine, should be taken only under medical supervision. In case of bronchitis during pregnancy, it is not recommended to resort to mustard plasters, jars, warming compresses..
Patients are shown a plentiful drinking regimen (if there is no tendency to edema, if they are, the drinking regimen is negotiated with the attending physician). You can drink tea with honey and / or lemon, infusion of rose hips, vegetable, fruit and berry juices, decoctions and infusions of medicinal herbs.
Patients with obstructive bronchitis and / or with a high risk of developing complications are hospitalized. In other cases, treatment is carried out at home..
If there are no objections from the attending physician (and the doctor conducting the pregnancy, if these are different doctors), then in addition to the main therapy, folk remedies can be used.
An effective mixture that helps to remove phlegm is a remedy made from honey (1 part), chopped apple (1 part), chopped onion (2 parts). The ingredients are mixed, the product is used in a tablespoon several times a day..
Means based on marshmallow, thermopsis, licorice, sage, ivy and other medicinal plants help.
Relieve the symptoms of acute bronchitis with a poultice of flour and honey. The ingredients are mixed in equal proportions, the compress is placed on the back in the projection of the bronchi, wrapped in a warm scarf or towel and kept for an hour.
As soon as acute symptoms subside, more time outdoors is recommended..
Prevention To prevent the development of bronchitis during childbearing, it is recommended that all necessary vaccinations be carried out in preparation for pregnancy, proper nutrition, smoking cessation and alcohol abuse, avoidance of hypothermia, occupational hazards, sufficient physical activity, personal hygiene, timely treatment of diseases,. Pregnant women are advised to be less in crowded places, when in contact with patients, they should wear a gauze bandage.
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