Menopause is a natural period in a woman's life, during which the reproductive function fades.. Its onset is associated with many unpleasant phenomena - withering of the skin, hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and sometimes urinary incontinence.. With menopause, female hormones in tablets can get rid of unpleasant symptoms. In addition, this treatment protects the heart, blood vessels, bones. However, there are also disadvantages that you need to be aware of.. Before starting the reception, it is recommended to weigh the pros and cons, as well as consult with a gynecologist..

Drink hormones in tablets with menopause or not drink? Before making a decision, it is necessary to consult a doctorClassification and list of drugsHormone replacement therapy (HRT) can be systemic and local. Local therapy is indicated for the treatment of urogenital disorders and does not affect the general condition of the body.. Systemic therapy consists of taking hormonal pills.

There are several groups of hormonal drugs. A wide range creates certain difficulties in choosing them.. The choice depends on many factors - the age of the woman, the duration of menopause, concomitant diseases.

The table shows groups of hormonal drugs with a short description and a list of drugs.

Drug group.

Main indications.

Names of tablets.

Estrogen-only medications Estrogen monotherapy is only given to women who have had their uterus removed.

With a preserved uterus, combined preparations (estrogens and progesterone) are used.

Pretarin, Proginova, Estrofem, Ovestin.

Preparations containing estrogens and gestagens.

Monophasic.

Appointed in postmenopause (not earlier than 1 year after the cessation of menstruation).

Cliogest, Premella.

Two-phase.

Appointed in the early period of menopause, when a woman agrees to maintain menstruation.

Femoston, Klimonorm, Divina, Divitren, Cyclo-Proginova.

Three-phase.

Appointed in the early period of menopause, when a woman agrees to maintain menstruation.

Trisequence.

With additional antiandrogenic activity.

They are prescribed for women with symptoms of hyperandrogenism - excessive hair, oily skin.

Klymen.

Estrogen monotherapy Estrogen monotherapy is rarely prescribed, only after surgical removal of the uterus with appendages. With a preserved uterus, the use of progestogen-free estrogens is associated with an extremely high risk of endometrial cancer.. The following estrogenic drugs are used in the form of tablets: Pretarin, Proginova, Estrofem, Ovestin.

Proginova - a drug containing estradiol Proginova The composition of the drug includes only one component - estradiol valerate in an amount of 2 mg. Proginova is produced in the form of a dragee, 21 pieces in a blister. The drug replaces endogenous estrogen, which is produced by the ovaries. Promotes timely rejection of the endometrium and regular menstrual bleeding, in high concentrations Proginova causes endometrial hyperplasia.

During treatment, side effects may occur:.

nausea;

vomit;

pathological effect on liver cells.

Take the drug inside for 21 days, 1 tablet, then take a break for 7 days. The course of treatment is 3-6 months.

Ovestin The composition of Ovestin tablets includes estriol - 1 mg or 2 mg, which belongs to short-acting hormones.

Tablets are taken orally, daily. The initial dosage is 4 mg (2 or 4 tablets). After 2-3 weeks, the dosage is reduced to 1-2 mg. The duration of the course of therapy is determined individually..

Cyclic drugs Cyclic drugs are used in premenopausal or early women. No more than 1 year has passed since the last menstruation. This group of drugs is recommended at the beginning of replacement therapy for women under 50 years of age.. When using drugs for cyclic therapy in women, menstrual-like bleeding persists. The medicines of this group include Femoston, Klimonorm, Divina, Divitren, Cyclo-Proginova, Trisequens, Klimen.

Femoston - a combined hormonal drug FemostonIn the package of Femoston 2/10 there are pink and light yellow tablets. The pink tablets contain 2 mg of estradiol, the light yellow tablets contain 2 mg of estradiol and 10 mg of dydrogesterone. Low-dose drugs include Femoston 1/10, which includes 1 mg of estradiol (white tablets), 1 mg of estradiol and 10 mg of dydrogesterone (gray).

How to take Femoston:.

In the first 14 days - one pink or white tablet per day.

In the next 14 days - one light yellow or gray tablet per day.

For women who have not stopped menstruating, treatment should begin on the first day after the onset of menstruation..

Postmenopausal women can start therapy any day.

When taking Femoston, menstrual-like bleeding resumes.

KlimonormIn the package of the drug Klimonorm there are yellow and brown dragees. The composition of the yellow dragee contains 2 mg of estradiol valerate, the brown dragee contains 2 mg of estradiol valerate and 150 mcg of levonorgestrel.

How to take Klimonorm dragee:.

In the first 9 days - one yellow tablet per day.

In the next 12 days - one brown dragee per day.

Then you need to take a break for 7 days. During this period, menstrual bleeding begins..

For women who have not stopped menstruating, treatment should begin on the 5th day after the start of menstruation..

In postmenopausal women, therapy can be started any day.

Divina package contains white and blue tablets. The white tablets contain 2 mg of estradiol valerate, the blue tablets contain 2 mg of estradiol valerate and medroxyprogesterone acetate 10 mg.

How to take Divina:.

In the first 11 days - one white tablet per day.

In the next 10 days - one blue tablet.

This is followed by a break for 7 days.. During this period, menstrual bleeding begins..

The drug is recommended to be taken in the evening..

If menstruation has not stopped, treatment should be started on the 5th day after the start of menstruation.. In other cases, therapy can be started on any day..

Cyclo-Proginova The drug is available in the form of a dragee. There are 2 types of dragees in the package:.

white dragees - contain 2 mg of estradiol valerate;

light brown dragees - contain 2 mg of estradiol valerate, 500 mcg of norgestrel.

The disadvantage of norgestrel (the progesterone component) is its lack of metabolic neutrality.. With long-term use of Cyclo-Proginova, it can reduce glucose tolerance, so the drug is not recommended for women with diabetes mellitus or metabolic syndrome.

How to take Cyclo-Proginova:.

During the first 11 days, you need to take 1 white dragee.

For the next 10 days - 1 light brown tablet daily.

This is followed by a break of 7 days, during which menstrual-like bleeding begins..

If a woman's period is still ongoing, treatment is started on the 5th day from the start of menstruation..

TrisequensTrisequens refers to a three-phase combined preparations, which include estrogens and gestagens.

There are 3 types of tablets in the Trisequens package:.

12 pcs. blue - estradiol 2 mg;

10 pieces. white - estradiol 2 mg and norgestrel acetate 1 mg;

6 pcs. red - estradiol 1 mg.

Trisequens is intended for hormone replacement therapy in young women (35-40 years old) when the persistence of menstrual bleeding does not bother patients. Trisequens is given in perimenopause or early menopause.

KlimenKlimen is a drug for cyclic hormone therapy that has antiandrogenic activity..

There are 2 types of dragee in the package:.

white - contain 2 mg of estradiol valerate;

pink - contain 2 mg of estradiol valerate and 1 mg of cyproterone acetate.

Klimen is recommended for women who have a sign of hyperandrogenism:.

excessive hair growth;

oily skin and breakouts;

lowering the timbre of the voice.

The drug has a significant drawback - it can change glucose tolerance. Long-term use is not recommended for diabetic patients..

Drugs for continuous therapy Drugs for acyclic therapy are prescribed for postmenopausal women, when more than a year has passed since the last menstruation. Medicines in this group include Kliogest, Premella.

Kliogest - a hormonal drug for continuous therapy KliogestKliogest contains 2 medicinal substances:.

2 mg estradiol;

1 mg norethisterone acetate.

Estradiol is an analogue of natural estrogen, norethisterone acetate is a synthetic progesterone. Estradiol eliminates estrogen deficiency in a woman's body, and norethisterone acetate is necessary to prevent the development of endometrial hyperplasia or cancer..

The advantage of this medication is the absence of breakthrough bleeding. Kliogest should be used daily, without interruptions.. Daily dose - 1 tablet.

Premella The composition of Premella tablets includes 2 medicinal substances:.

625 mcg conjugated estrogens;

2.5 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate.

Premella compensates for the deficiency of endogenous hormones. When taking pills, menstrual bleeding does not persist. The drug should be taken 1 tablet daily. Not recommended for use in women over 65 years of age.

How hormone replacement therapy works During menopause, estrogen production decreases. Estrogen deficiency affects not only the genitals, but the whole body as a whole.. Reception of female sex hormones in menopause is of a substitution nature, t. those hormones that are lacking in the body are introduced.

How estrogen works (endogenous or from pills):.

target organ.

Action.

Uterus.

Stimulates endometrial proliferation.

Bones.

Strengthens bones by reducing bone resorption.

Heart and blood vessels.

Improves the condition of the vascular endothelium, the strength of heart contractions. Affects fat metabolism - reduces the likelihood of lipid deposition on the vascular wall.

Brain.

Improves cognitive abilities, regulates mood.

Leather.

Reduces the work of the sebaceous glands, which prevents excessive oiliness of the skin.

Is it necessary to take hormones during menopause Conducting hormone replacement therapy or not is a difficult choice for a woman. Treatment with female hormones has many advantages - maintaining youth, getting rid of the unpleasant symptoms of menopause, protecting the cardiovascular system and bone tissue.. At the same time, hormone intake is associated with an increased risk of thrombosis, breast and endometrial cancer..

To make the right choice, you need to weigh the pros and cons, consult a doctor and undergo an examination..

BenefitsHormone replacement therapy eliminates estrogen deficiency, which has a positive effect on the state of the female body. This provides the following benefits:.

Advantage.

Explanation.

Elimination of early symptoms of menopause - vasomotor and psycho-emotional.

Treatment with female hormones helps to get rid of hot flashes, excessive sweating, fluctuations in blood pressure, irritability, tearfulness.

Prevention of urogenital disorders.

The organs of the urogenital tract are extremely sensitive to the level of estrogen - the vagina, urethra, bladder. During menopause, this leads to vaginal dryness, urinary incontinence, uterine prolapse. Hormone replacement therapy can stop these manifestations. Symptoms decrease by the end of 1 month, disappear completely after about 4-5 months.

Prevention of osteoporosis and bone fractures.

During menopause, bone density decreases and their fragility increases.. Estrogen treatment can slow down bone loss.

Prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

Estrogens are cardioprotective. When taken during menopause, the likelihood of developing a myocardial infarction or stroke is several times reduced..

Disadvantages Hormone replacement therapy also has disadvantages. They are mainly associated with an increased risk of malignant neoplasms and thrombosis when taking estrogens:.

Estrogen intake contributes to hypercoagulability - increased blood clotting. In this regard, HRT increases the risk of thrombosis.

Estrogens cause proliferative changes in the endometrium. This increases the risk of developing uterine cancer..

Estrogen-dependent tumors include breast neoplasms. The risk of developing such a pathology increases when taking female hormones..

The relative disadvantages of HRT include the fact that hormonal drugs need to be taken for a long time - from 5 years.

PrecautionsBefore prescribing HRT, a woman needs to pass some tests. The survey includes the following methods:.

Coagulogram - performed to assess blood clotting.

Biochemical blood test (liver complex) - to assess liver function.

Ultrasound of the pelvic organs - to exclude neoplasms in the ovaries and uterus.

Ultrasound of the mammary glands, mammography - to exclude breast tumors.

Changes in these analyzes that differ from the norm are a contraindication to the appointment of HRT..

Additionally, the level of female hormones in the blood can be examined - to assess the hormonal background.

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