Ovarian cyst laparoscopy is a modern endoscopic method that is widely used to remove cystic formations.. Laparoscopy can be performed for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes, according to the online publication for girls and women from 14 to 35 years old Pannochka. net Laparoscopy can also be used when a diagnosis needs to be clarified if this cannot be done by ultrasound and other methods..

According to patients and doctors, laparoscopic removal of a neoplasm is usually well tolerated by a woman..

The benefits of laparoscopy include:.

excellent visibility of the operating field for the surgeon (manipulation is carried out under the control of a camera with multiple magnification);

minimal trauma;

low risk of complications;

good cosmetic effect - after the operation performed by this method, only a few small scars remain on the body.

Laparoscopic intervention provides gentle, atraumatic removal of the ovarian cystIndications and contraindicationsLaparoscopic removal of ovarian formations is the most effective and at the same time less traumatic method. This type of surgical treatment is usually used to remove cystic and other formations, if their size does not exceed 10 cm..

Indications for laparoscopic cyst removal include:.

fixed growth (an increase is dangerous due to rupture of the cyst, the development of massive bleeding, peritonitis);

identification of a stem in a neoplasm (torsion of the stem, necrosis of the formation, rupture of the cyst with the development of life-threatening conditions may occur);

germination of cystic formation in neighboring organs;

risk of malignant transformation.

Contraindications:.

acute blood loss;

widespread tumor process;

acute form of the disease of infectious etiology (intervention is postponed until the patient recovers).

When a cystic formation ruptures with the development of massive bleeding, an emergency open abdominal operation is required..

Types of laparoscopic intervention for ovarian cysts The main types of laparoscopic removal of ovarian cysts are presented in the table.

Type of manipulation.

Description.

Resection.

During surgery, the ovary membrane is cut and the cyst is removed..

enucleation.

The cyst is husked from the organ, the tissues of which are not damaged in this case (the tissues of the capsule of the cystic formation are excised).

Ovariectomy.

In this type of surgery, the ovary is removed along with the neoplasm, usually performed in the presence of large and / or suspicious neoplasms.

The choice in favor of a particular technique depends on the size, nature and localization of education.

Laparoscopy of an ovarian cyst: how is the operation performed? Usually, intravenous or inhalation anesthesia is used for this operation.

The punctures of the anterior abdominal wall, through which the laparoscope accesses the surgical field, do not exceed 15 mm in length.. During the operation, carbon dioxide can be supplied through the punctures, which is necessary for a better examination of organs and tissues and obtaining free space for manipulation of surgical instruments.. The supplied gas increases the volume of the stomach, for this reason, gastric contents can enter the respiratory tract. To prevent this, general anesthesia and mechanical ventilation are used..

When removing a cystic formation, small blood vessels are cauterized using an electrocoagulator, which avoids internal bleeding.

During the removal of the formation, it is important to ensure that its capsule is not damaged, since the contents of the cyst can enter the abdominal cavity and lead to the development of complications..

Preparing for the operation To carry out the procedure, you need to properly prepare:.

Before the operation, it is required to undergo an examination, pass all the necessary tests (general and biochemical blood tests, coagulogram, tests for infections, determination of the blood group and Rh factor, tumor markers, etc.. X-ray, ultrasound, electrocardiogram may also be required.

The last meal on the evening before the operation - no later than 18:00, dinner should be light.

The day before surgery and on the day of laparoscopic removal of the cyst, the patient may need to clean the intestines with an enema or laxative..

Postoperative period: how long it lasts, recommendations. The patient is usually in the hospital 1 day after surgery. Rehabilitation lasts 2-3 weeks, during this time it is not recommended to have sex.

After the operation, the patient is shown diet. It is recommended to include foods rich in fiber, dairy products, lean meat in the diet, you should limit or exclude the use of fatty, fried, overly salty and spicy foods, alcoholic beverages, as well as foods that contribute to the development of flatulence.

Postoperative sutures should be treated daily with antiseptic solutions, until scar healing, as a rule, it is recommended to take a shower rather than a bath.

In the postoperative period, it is usually not allowed to visit the bath, sauna, solarium, swimming pool, beach, in order to prevent infection of the scars and the development of internal bleeding, physical activity is also contraindicated.

Menstrual cycle in the postoperative periodPossible postoperative spotting, which should not be confused with menstrual. The cystic formation of the ovary is planned to be removed towards the end of the cycle. In this case, the body usually restores the hormonal balance on its own, the next menstruation begins on time or with a slight delay.. In some cases, after surgery, there may be fluctuations in the menstrual cycle for 1.5-3 months, after which the cycle is restored on its own.

Possible menstrual irregularities after surgery include:.

long delays;

cycle shift;

painful menstruation;

copious discharge.

This may be due to the individual characteristics of the body, the influence of anesthesia, stress.

If the restoration of the menstrual cycle does not occur for a long time, you should inform your doctor.

Pregnancy planning after laparoscopy of an ovarian cyst. The timing of planning depends on the type of cyst, the condition of the body after surgery and a number of other factors, so this issue should be discussed with the attending physician.

Ovarian cyst. photo), which refers to fairly common pathologies in women of all age groups. A cyst can occur both on one (left or right), and on both (extremely rare) ovaries. In some cases, it can reach 10 cm in diameter..

Ovarian cyst is a benign neoplasm. This pathology is most often observed in females of reproductive age.. With the onset of menopause, the likelihood of developing a cystic mass decreases significantly.

Symptoms Often, the pathology does not manifest itself in any way, it can be discovered by chance during the diagnosis for another reason.. In other cases, the patient experiences pain after intercourse, an irregular menstrual cycle, bleeding between periods, pain in the lower abdomen, which may increase after physical exertion, radiate to the rectum, fever up to 39 ° C, frequent urination.

Possible complications In the absence of timely treatment, a number of complications may develop:.

Rupture of a cystic formation, which can occur with strong pressure on the lower abdomen, as well as during intercourse. At the same time, the patient has acute pain, a decrease in blood pressure against the background of internal bleeding, impaired consciousness.

Torsion of the cyst leg leads to its necrosis, which may be accompanied by nausea and vomiting, severe pain in the lower abdomen, pallor of the skin, and a decrease in pressure.. Complication can develop with a sharp change in body position, physical activity.

Malignancy (malignant transformation).

The development of an abscess of the cyst, in which the patient may have an increase in body temperature, there is severe pain in the abdomen.

Recurrent cystic ovarian mass.

In this case, there may be severe pain, discomfort during intercourse, an asymmetric increase in the abdomen, arrhythmia, nausea may also occur, the patient may increase body weight.

Prevention To prevent the development of ovarian cystic formations, it is recommended to avoid uncontrolled use of oral contraceptives, treat diseases accompanied by hormonal disorders in a timely manner, avoid casual sexual intercourse, undergo regular preventive examinations by a gynecologist.

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