Dystrophic hair diseases.

Hair is a keratin multifibril consisting of amino acid chains, according to Pannochka, an online publication for girls and women from 14 to 35 years old.. net This is a keratin molecule.

Its strength is determined by the sulfur-containing amino acid cysteine, which forms disulfide bridges..

Between the keratin scales of the hair cuticle there is a lipid layer similar to the lipid layer of the stratum corneum of the skin..

However, in the hair, it is not ceramides that come to the fore, but fatty acids (methyleicosanoic acid), cholesterol sulfate, cholesterol and fatty alcohols.. Due to the lipid layer and the presence of disulfide bonds, the scales of the hair cuticle fit tightly to each other, are located in the same plane, so the beam of light is evenly reflected from the surface of the hair and it shines..

Shampoo surfactants destroy the lipid layer of the hair, perm solutions wash out the cysteine-containing protein. Ultraviolet irradiation destroys the lipid layer and weakens the bond of the cysteine-containing protein with the cuticle, facilitating its leaching even in sea water.. Therefore, it is absolutely essential to use hair protection products, UV filters and antioxidants.. The weakening of the bond between the hair scales is aggravated by mechanical influences (strong wind, combing).

Trichoclasia is a congenital pathology associated with a violation of the architectonics of the hair, as a result of which they cannot reach sufficient length and break off..

Bamboo hair is an autosomal recessive pathology associated with the appearance of alternating spindle-shaped swellings and constrictions, giving the hair a rosary-like appearance.. Hair is dry, shiny, breaks easily. Such changes may spontaneously disappear.

Moniletrix is \u200b\u200ba narrowing of the hair shaft in a certain length up to 1 mm, as a result of which the hair becomes spindle-shaped, dry, without shine, brittle, short. Follicular hyperkeratosis is often seen. Almost unsuccessful treatment.

Curly hair is more common in girls, especially at the back of the head.. The hair is spirally twisted, looks variegated due to uneven coloring and light refraction..

Trichotillomania is an intentional traumatization of the hair, which can lead to irreversible changes in the follicle and permanent thinning of the hair.. Treatment by a psychoneurologist.

Ingrown hairs - abnormal growth of hair as a result of shaving, skin trauma, friction with clothing. Hair changes direction and grows into the skin, causing inflammation. Relieves itching, pain.

Localization - the area of \u200b\u200b\u200b\u200bthe beard and mustache in men, the area of \u200b\u200b\\u200b\\u200bthe shins and groin in women. Correction consists in anti-inflammatory external therapy (gels, creams, ointments) followed by electrolysis in women. Men - shaving with an electric razor.

Looped or knotted hair.

Due to increased dryness and irrational care, the hair is tied into knots and loops, easily broken off.. More common in women with long hair.

Cosmetic correction for dystrophic conditions of the hair consists in gentle care for them, the intake of protein-vitamin complexes with microelement supplements, the use of nourishing, moisturizing and regenerating agents..

If congenital hair defects are detected, the hairdresser should not fulfill the requirements of the client without consulting and permission from a dermatologist in order to avoid traumatic alopecia.

Hair damage as a result of exposure to cosmetics and manipulations:.

• Traumatic alopecia is associated with forced hair pulling due to physical trauma.. Occurs when massaging the head, combing the hair and using a fine comb. Marginal or marginal baldness occurs in women who wear ponytails, in black women due to peculiar traumatic hairstyles and the desire to straighten their hair.

• Scarring alopecia rarely occurs with deep burns with hot tongs or during electric waving using faulty equipment..

• Hair sheath defects:.

– hair softening (curling, coloring, bleaching);

- nodular trichorexia - nodular swelling of the hair along its length, found in the form of dots, dryness, brittleness.

Reasons: use of thermal procedures (hot curlers, tongs), chemicals (perhydrol, thioglycols);

- trichoptylosis (longitudinal splitting of the distal parts of the hair) is observed on long hair after frequent hairdressing procedures;

- trichoschisis (transverse fracture of the hair) as a result of the same reasons;

- trichoclasis (combination of oblique fracture and hair splitting). The reasons are the same;

- tragilitas krinum (fragility of the hair sheath);

- drying and "

Therapeutic cosmetics for the correction of hair dystrophies To correct hair dystrophies, substances are used that improve the nutrition of the hair follicle (vascular, vitamins, microelements, biostimulants, enzymes, nucleotides, proteins, etc.. ), as well as substances that help restore the structure of the hair shaft (lipids, proteins, micro-macroelements, etc..

medbe. en.