Today, one of the most informative methods is an electrophysiological study (EPS), in another version it is called heart mapping.. Its main task is to find out in which part of this vital organ an electrical impulse is generated that causes arrhythmia, what “roads” it travels on and where it can be intercepted.. Based on the data of the "

Identify the enemy There are several ways to calculate arrhythmia. The easiest is to feel the pulse and find that it is uneven or that a clear rhythm is interrupted by “unplanned” contractions.. Cons of the method: at the moment of probing the pulse, arrhythmias may not happen, and it will also not be possible to find out its origin. The next most difficult method is a conventional ECG. With the help of an electrocardiogram, you can see what kind of arrhythmia it is, from which part of the heart it comes from, what is dangerous. The minus is the same: the ECG recording time is about 1 minute, in such a short period of time problems may simply not arise. To catch arrhythmia, scientists came up with daily (Holter) ECG monitoring. A device is hung on the chest, which takes measurements for a whole day. This method provides important information about arrhythmias and determines indications for medical treatment.. If we are talking about an operation, arrhythmolov of last resort comes to the rescue - EFI.

Version one There are three research options: regular version, light and superlight. Standard EFI has an endo (internal) prefix and is performed in a specially equipped operating room, but without anesthesia. The doctor inserts special electrodes into the heart, through a puncture in the vein of the thigh. Since the inner shell of the heart has no pain receptors, the study is absolutely painless, only local anesthesia on the thigh is used.. With the help of endoEPI, one can not only study all four chambers of the heart, but also, by applying electrical impulses through the electrode, provoke the appearance of arrhythmia. The result of the study is an electrophysiological map of the heart, which will help to carry out an operation to destroy the foci of arrhythmia. Most often, such an operation is performed simultaneously with endoEPI..

Version two The second version of endoEPI also requires the introduction of an electrode inside, but through the esophagus. The procedure is very similar to gastroscopy, but at the moment when the doctor provokes an arrhythmia with electrical impulses, the patient may feel a slight burning sensation.. Unlike conventional endoEPS, transesophageal helps to detect only arrhythmias originating from the left atrium.. Although they are in the majority, the right atrium and ventricles, which can also be a source of failure, are not accessible to the esophageal probe..

Version three Superlight version - a new technique that allows you to check the heart without penetration into internal structures. A corset is put on the chest, on the surface of which there are more than 200 electrodes. Such a large-scale coverage allows you to achieve an effect similar to an internal study.. From the electrodes, information is sent to the computer, superimposed on the image of the earlier computed tomography, and the smart machine draws a detailed map of the heart, marking the points of harmful impulses on it.. It is they who will need to be destroyed in the upcoming operation.. A clear plus of external EFI is that if there are no sources of arrhythmia, then vain introduction into the heart or esophagus can be avoided. Today, cardiac surgeons dream of the next step - to learn how to destroy foci of arrhythmia remotely - for example, using radiation therapy or a magnetic field.. In this case, all treatment of arrhythmia will become conservative.

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In addition to identifying the arrhythmia itself, with the help of EFI, you can find out which drugs will help in this particular case, and which ones will not..

Indications for EFI •Suspicion of sinus node dysfunction.

• Repeated fainting.

• Atrioventricular blockade.

• Tachycardias with wide QRS complexes.

•Sustained ventricular tachycardia.

•Supraventricular tachycardia.

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