Lice - a suborder of small obligate highly specialized parasites of the lice order, breeding with eggs (nits). The habitat of lice is human hair, according to the online publication for girls and women from 14 to 35 years old Pannochka. net Nits are teardrop-shaped flattened lice eggs covered with a protective shell, reaching 1 mm in length.. Nits are attached at the base of the hair with a sticky substance produced by lice.. The nit is a rounded oblong egg of white or yellowish color.. The ripening period of nits ranges from 5 to 16 days, depending on the temperature regime.. Under adverse conditions, the maturation period of nits can last up to 6 weeks.. Outside the body of the host, lice and nits are able to live 1-2 days at a temperature of 35 C. At low temperatures (up to 20 C), this period increases to 7 days. The optimal temperature regime for the maturation of nits is 26 - 28 C.

The life cycle of a female louse is 34 - 38 days. During this period, one individual is able to lay up to 200 nits.. On the 15th day of the life cycle, the female louse is already capable of laying nits..

Lice feed on the blood and lymph of the host by piercing the skin and injecting saliva into the wound.. Salivary glands of lice are highly developed. It is the saliva of the louse, getting on the skin and in the wound, that causes a characteristic itching when bitten.. Lice navigate by smell.

Lice and nits are the causative agents of diseases such as pediculosis.. Pediculosis - entomosis (a disease caused by insects), characterized by lesions of the scalp with typical severe itching at the sites of lice bites. Pediculosis is diagnosed during a visual examination of the patient using a Wood's lamp (live nits, unlike non-viable individuals, give a pearly white glow). As a rule, no other laboratory tests are required in the case of uncomplicated head lice..

Symptoms of lice and nitsSpeaking of the symptoms of lice and nits, we mean the symptoms of a disease caused by parasites - pediculosis..

A characteristic symptom of lice and nits is severe itching in the scalp.. With the course of the disease, scratches, sores, crusts form on the scalp, contributing to the attachment of a secondary infection.. In rare cases, patients infected with nits and lice experience swelling of the cervical, behind the ear, and occipital lymph nodes..

In complex, as well as advanced cases of nits and lice, patients experience abundant serous-purulent discharge, which has an unpleasant odor and contributes to the formation of tangles..

Typical symptoms of nits and lice include:.

Irritability, psychological discomfort;

Severe itching in the affected area;

Lice bite marks;

Slight swelling and sores, peeling of the skin in the temporal, behind the ear, occipital region of the head;

Small gray-blue spots on the scalp;

The presence of nits (white patches at the roots of the hair, similar to dandruff);

Presence of lice.

As a rule, lice and nits are detected almost immediately after infection.. Due to the defeat of nits and lice, a person’s sleep, attention are disturbed, there is anxiety caused by itching.

Causes of the appearance of lice and nits The main cause of the appearance of lice and nits in humans is the direct transfer of lice individuals to the head upon contact with a person already infected with nits and lice. There is a misconception that the appearance of nits and lice contributes to non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene.. In fact, a clean scalp, devoid of sebum, which creates a barrier for louse bites and thus prevents them from feeding, is the most favorable environment for nits and lice..

It is believed that people who are constantly under stress are more prone to infestation with lice..

Nits: risks to human healthLice, like nits, do not pose a particular danger to humans. As a rule, pediculosis detected at an early stage (when the population of lice, as well as delayed nits, is small) responds well to treatment.. You can get rid of parasites and nits in one or two applications of special preparations sold in pharmacies. However, lice are carriers of diseases such as relapsing fever and typhus - acute infectious diseases transmitted from an infected patient to a healthy person through lice.

Nits are a big danger. Being enclosed in a dense protective capsule, nits can survive when treated with special preparations, which will inevitably lead to a recurrence of infection..

How to get rid of nits: tools and methodsRemoving nits and lice is a complex process that requires an integrated approach. In complex clinical cases accompanied by skin changes, patients are advised to consult a doctor to learn how to get rid of nits.. Due to their protective shell, nits can survive various treatments, which will lead to the development of a new population of lice.. The doctor will not only recommend how to get rid of lice, but also, based on the clinical picture, prescribe symptomatic treatment to alleviate the patient's condition.

Unlike lice, which are more sensitive to the effects of drugs and die after treatment, nits must be selected manually, for which it is recommended to use a thick metal comb (plastic teeth are more pliable and less effective at combing out nits).

There are traditional and folk remedies on how to get rid of nits. The main difficulty in the process of removing nits lies in the adhesive substance with which the eggs are attached to the hair root.. This sticky substance does not dissolve with standard lice products, so the nits remain firmly stuck to the hair even after treatment.. To dissolve the sticky substance, it is recommended to use a weak solution of vinegar or fresh cranberry juice, which need to moisten the hair roots, and then select the nits manually.

Nits remedy: use for the treatment and prevention of the diseaseA large selection of over-the-counter nit remedies is currently available in pharmacies. When choosing an insecticidal agent, you should pay attention to the spectrum of action. Some products are claimed to only fight lice, not affecting nits.. The effectiveness of funds from nits does not depend on the form of release. Aerosols, shampoos, ointments, solutions are available to consumers. The choice of means depends only on the preference for use..

The main remedies for nits are preparations based on perimethrin, phenothrin, malathion (synthetic insecticides) and pyrethrin (a natural insecticide of plant origin).

It should be remembered that nit remedies are very toxic, so they must be used strictly following the instructions..

For prevention purposes, nit remedies should be used by all family members to prevent re-infestation with lice..

The remedy for nits should not be used more often than indicated in the instructions in order to avoid poisoning. Household items (bed linen, towels, combs, clothes, etc.).

For effective removal of nits and lice, it is necessary to re-treat with the product after 7 days, which is associated with the life cycle of parasites.

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