Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases, the specific features of which are a constant or undulating increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) above the norm for a given person, according to Pannochka, an online publication for girls and women from 14 to 35 years old.. net As the disease progresses, glaucoma may be accompanied by symptoms of visual field narrowing, reduced visual function, and, in severe cases, signs of optic nerve atrophy. However, often in the initial stages, glaucoma is not accompanied by a vivid clinical picture and can occur in an erased and asymptomatic form.. For this reason, timely prevention of glaucoma is especially important..

Risk factors for the development of glaucomaHaving knowledge of what can lead to the disease, a person at risk can correctly modify their lifestyle and avoid the formation of a pathological condition, in this case - glaucoma.

So, the most important factors that require close attention are:.

hereditary factor;

eyeball injury;

iridocyclitis;

severe cataracts left untreated;

neoplasms in the eye;

endocrine pathologies;

elderly age.

Clinical picture of glaucoma In the initial stages, the disease, as a rule, is not accompanied by any symptoms.. As glaucoma progresses, it leads to loss of visual function, starting with peripheral vision, and may result in total blindness, due to atrophy of the optic nerve.. However, these symptoms often go unnoticed because they are very non-specific..

Preventive measures to prevent the development of glaucoma. To do this, first of all, it is necessary to minimize the following factors, which are the trigger mechanism for the onset of the disease:.

Treat eye diseases. If you experience any ophthalmic disease, contact your doctor immediately. Before taking any medications, even herbal ones, be sure to consult an ophthalmologist. This is especially true for cataracts, as well as injuries to the eye and surrounding areas..

Give yourself moderate exercise. Aerobic exercises are required: walking, jogging, swimming. Try to avoid heavy lifting as much as possible, as this leads to an increase in IOP.

Follow your diet and routine. Nutrition should be balanced, high in fiber, low glycemic index, full of vitamins and minerals.

Go for preventive examinations to the ophthalmologist. It should be remembered that the initial stages of glaucoma are not accompanied by a bright clinic and can only be detected by a doctor..

Preventive examinationPerformed as part of an eye examination by ophthalmologists. Any eye doctor performs a series of standard tests to assess changes in the eye that are characteristic of glaucoma, if any..

Glaucoma tests:.

checking IOP by tonometry, any of the available options. The most primitive is palpation of the eyeballs, but this method is losing its relevance, since almost every clinic has non-contact devices that measure intraocular pressure as accurately as possible.;

assessment of the main parameters of the optic nerve through ophthalmoscopy;

assessment of the completeness of visual fields using perimetry;

evaluation of corneal thickness using pachymetry;

analysis of eye structures by gonioscopy;

study of the thickness of nerve fibers.

Only after conducting these tests, the doctor, if there are changes, will prescribe specific drugs or give a referral for surgical treatment..

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