Twice as many women who had a hypertensive disorder during any of their pregnancies were at an increased risk of developing heart or kidney disease at an earlier age based on incidence per woman compared to.

This is one of the first studies to examine the incidence of hypertension per woman and per pregnancy, which takes into account women who are pregnant more than once..

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) include four categories: preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension, and superimposed preeclampsia (women with chronic hypertension who develop preeclampsia). Women with preeclampsia during pregnancy are at risk of death from heart disease as early as the first decade after childbirth.

“Despite the increase in GPA rates over the past three decades, the incidence rates of GPA per pregnancy and per woman have not yet been studied,” says Vesna D.. Garovich, MD, professor of medicine in the USA. department of internal medicine and obstetrics and gynecology at the Mayo Clinic and lead author of the study. “By looking only at GPA rates for pregnancy, we significantly underestimated the number of women who suffer from this condition and may be at risk of cardiovascular disease in the future.. Studying rates per woman allowed us to evaluate women with more than one pregnancy who may have had HDP, including preeclampsia, during one of her pregnancies but not the other.”.

The researchers used the Rochester Epidemiology Project, a health record system of all providers in Olmsted County, Minnesota, to compare the risk of cardiovascular disease in pregnant women with and without a history of HDD who gave birth (live birth or stillbirth) between 1976 and 1982. Researchers identified 9,862 pregnancies among 7,544 women living in Olmsted County during the assessment period. Each medical record was reviewed to determine which women had possible GPD, where a positive screening was defined as two elevated blood pressures taken at any antenatal visit, intrapartum, or postpartum until hospital discharge.

During the six-year evaluation period, 659 women had a total of 719 pregnancies with GPD, with an incidence rate per pregnancy of 7.3% for GBP and 3.3% for preeclampsia.. To estimate the incidence rate of GPA per woman, the researchers identified 1,839 women who had sufficient information for all of their pregnancies.. The incidence of HDP per woman was twice that of pregnancy: 15.3% (n \u003d 281) and 7.5% (n \u003d 138) for HDP and preeclampsia, respectively. Women under 20 and women over 35 had the highest rates of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension..

During a follow-up period of 36.2 years, 571 women with a history of HDF developed chronic disease, including (but not limited to) cardiac arrhythmia, coronary artery disease, heart failure, stroke, chronic kidney disease, and hypertension, suggesting that 1 in 6 women. Women with GPA developed chronic disease at an accelerated rate and at an earlier age compared to their counterparts.

This study has several limitations, including the lack of diversity in the study population (predominantly white) and the analysis of a population from four decades ago..

A more ethnically diverse contemporary cohort should be sought. Researchers highlight the need for lifestyle intervention and preventive care in this high-risk group.

" “The authors showed that the total burden of HDP, expressed as incidence per woman, is significantly higher than for pregnancy.. The discovery of effective targeted risk reduction interventions for women with HDP would make pregnancy an even more powerful and effective screening test.”.

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