A polyp of the sigmoid colon is formed as a result of an abnormal growth of the tissues of the mucous membrane of this section of the large intestine, according to the Internet publication for girls and women from 14 to 35 years old Pannochka. net Polyps can be localized in any part of the intestine, including. on the sigmoid colon Growths are benign tumor-like neoplasms that are attached to the wall of the organ with a thin leg or their wide base. They differ in composition, shape and size.. The development of pathology is usually asymptomatic, but may be accompanied by defecation disorders, the appearance of pathological impurities in the feces and pain in the abdomen..

Tumors of large sizes can lead to intestinal obstruction and be accompanied by its obstruction.. It is important to take into account that in the absence of timely therapy, there is a risk of degeneration of benign polyps into malignant ones..

If a disease of the large intestine is suspected, the patient is referred for a consultation with a proctologist.. The doctor makes a diagnosis on the basis of a digital examination, biopsy, rectosigmoscopy and irrigoscopy. Removal of the growth occurs through surgical intervention.

Causes of occurrence The trigger mechanism for the development of the disease has not been reliably determined. It is assumed that the appearance of neoplasms is promoted by chronic inflammation of the mucous membrane of the sigma, which can lead to:.

traumatization of the mucous membrane with hard feces;

frequent constipation;

acute infectious diseases;

eating foods that adversely affect the intestinal walls.

The development of pathology is associated with poor nutrition. In general, the appearance of these factors is associated with malnutrition, when refined dishes, semi-finished products and easily digestible animal fats and insufficient vegetable fiber predominate in the human diet.. The structure of the contents in the left sections of the intestine is denser than in the right.

There are several bends in the sigmoid colon that can be injured when the feces move towards the rectum.. Because of this, this area is at greater risk of developing tumors than other areas.. And this risk increases significantly with malnutrition..

There is an assumption that polyps are associated with diverticulosis, chronic circulatory disorders of the large intestine and hereditary familial polyposis..

There is also a theory that neoplasms in any part of the intestine may be the result of violations of the formation of the walls of the organ at the stage of intrauterine development..

Types of polyps Depending on the histological structure, the following types of growths are distinguished:.

View.

Characteristic.

Adenomatous (glandular).

Widespread and diagnosed in 50% of patients. Outwardly, they resemble an adenoma, have reddish or pinkish nodes. Reach in sizes from 2 to 3 cm.

villous.

Lobular neoplasms, the surface of which contains villi. Prone to ulceration, as well as bleeding, because they contain an extensive network of capillaries. Much more often than other types of polyps are transformed into malignant tumors.. Their growth significantly increases the risk of malignancy..

Glandular villous.

They are a transitional form between glandular and villous outgrowths, they can have the properties of both groups at the same time.

Hyperplastic.

Contain in their composition the epithelium, reach a size of no more than 0.5 cm. Usually their appearance is promoted by chronic inflammatory processes of the intestinal mucosa.. Hyperplastic polyps of the sigmoid colon are capable of transforming into any other type of formations.

Juvenile.

These neoplasms are found in children and adolescents..

They are quite large in size (5 cm or more), but do not lead to the growth of the epithelium and cellular atypia.. In extremely rare cases, their transformation into malignant tumors is recorded..

Symptoms The disease is usually not accompanied by severe manifestations.. Sometimes patients complain of pain in the left side of the abdomen, diarrhea, constipation and other stool disorders.. When a damaged polyp begins to bleed, blood may be present in the stool..

neboleem. net.