Remedies for chickenpox should be safe and provide effective relief of the symptoms of the disease.. Chickenpox, or chicken pox, is an acute viral disease that occurs as a result of the ingestion of a pathogen - the varicella-zoster virus (Varicella Zoster), belonging to the third group of herpes viruses..

Remedies for chickenpox should effectively stop the symptoms of the disease. A person is highly susceptible to this virus, which is about 70-90%. The prevailing mechanism of transmission of the virus is airborne..

Varicella-zoster is not stable in the external environment and quickly dies under the influence of ultraviolet rays, when heated, etc.. Outside the human body, the virus can maintain its viability for no more than 10–15 minutes..

Epidemiology The source of infection is a sick person who spreads the virus into the environment. Particularly dangerous in terms of transmission of infection are patients with the presence of vesicles in the oral cavity, as they secrete huge doses of the pathogen.

Varicella Zoster is transmitted by airborne droplets The diseased poses an epidemiological danger at the end of the incubation period (from 6 to 24 hours before the rash appears) and for 5 days after the last elements of the rash appear.

This is a typical childhood airborne infection.. Newborn children in the first few months of life, while breastfeeding, due to the presence of maternal antibodies are not exposed to the virus.

Subsequently, susceptibility to the virus increases, reaching a maximum at 3–4 years.. Therefore, the bulk of the diseased (about 80%) falls on the age category of preschool children..

After the transferred infectious process, a stable long-term immunity is developed.. The possibility of re-infection is minimal, but it exists.

Clinical course The incubation period for chickenpox is 2 to 3 weeks..

At this time, the patient is usually not bothered by anything.. In rare cases, a slight manifestation of intoxication syndrome (weakness, lethargy, loss of appetite, fever up to 37 ° C, etc.).

RashAfter a prodromal period of approximately one to two days, a period of rash follows.. The rash appears in waves over several days. At the very beginning, specific spots are formed on the skin of the scalp, face, torso, limbs.. With a pronounced process, the rash can spread to the palms and soles.

Rashes appear after the prodromal period. Having passed the stage of spots and small papules, they quickly turn into vesicles - specific elements of chickenpox. Vesicles have the form of round or oval formations of different sizes rising above the surface of the skin.. Their wall is tense, shiny, the liquid they contain is transparent..

A zone of hyperemia is formed around the elements - a small strip of red color. When the vesicles are punctured, a clear liquid flows out of them.. Their rupture provokes severe itching..

As the elements progress, the fluid contained in them turns from transparent to cloudy (due to the settling of fibrin strands). The elements dry out, after three to four days crusts form, falling off after a few weeks. The rash can be observed not only on the skin, but also on the mucous membranes, involving the membrane of the oral cavity, genitals, nasopharynx, etc..

Intoxication syndrome Depending on the severity of the process, intoxication syndrome may be absent, moderate or severe..

With severe intoxication, there is a high body temperature (up to 39 ° C), an abundant rash.

At the peak of the disease, with a pronounced process, symptoms of neurotoxicosis and the formation of complications (pneumonia, laryngitis, bronchitis, viral encephalitis, meningitis, secondary infection, etc.).

Treatment Tactics of management and treatment of the patient is selected individually by the doctor and depends on the severity of the disease..

Modern approach to the principles of therapy:.

adherence to bed rest during an acute course;

complete balanced diet;

hygiene measures (frequent ventilation of the room, wet cleaning, compliance with the optimal temperature regime in the room);

drug therapy - complete, complex, justified.

Uncomplicated chickenpox is usually treated as an outpatient, symptomatic.

Symptomatic local remediesSymptomatic chickenpox medicine for topical use should have antipruritic, drying, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic effect.

Fukortsin can be used to treat a rash. A list of effective remedies for chickenpox for local use:.

solution of Methylene blue or Brilliant green (brilliant green): in addition to the fact that they have antiseptic properties, the use of these dyes allows you to determine the dynamics of rashes;

Fucorcin (Castellani liquid): bright crimson or colorless solution containing phenol, boric acid, resorcinol, acetone, fuchsin solution, 95% ethyl alcohol. Available in bottles of 10 and 25 ml. Fukortsin used for antiseptic purposes;

Zinc ointment: reduces the severity of the exudative process, has a softening, adsorbing, antihistamine and antiseptic effect. When applied topically, it dries up vesicles, reduces inflammation;

calamine lotion: a cosmetic product containing calamine and zinc oxide in its composition. The drug has a cooling, soothing, antipruritic, anti-edematous, anti-inflammatory effect.;

Allantoin and Dexpanthenol: used to soften and quickly regenerate the skin.

Antipyretics In severe intoxication syndrome and elevated body temperature, it is possible to use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), mainly paracetamol. They are available in various pharmacological forms: in the form of tablets, suppositories for rectal use, syrups for oral use, etc..

Aspirin and aspirin-containing drugs should not be prescribed to children with high body temperature, since this significantly increases the risk of Reye's syndrome..

Antiviral drugs In severe chickenpox and an increased risk of possible complications, drugs are prescribed that have an antiviral effect on the herpes virus, most often - Acyclovir.

Acyclovir is prescribed for severe pathologyAcyclovir inhibits the replication of the virus, as a result of which its amount in the blood and in target organs progressively decreases.

The dosage is selected individually depending on the severity of the course of the process, the age of the patient, the state of the immune system, concomitant diseases, etc..

Antibiotics When a secondary bacterial infection is attached, antibacterial agents (antibiotics) are prescribed.

Outwardly, with confirmation of secondary infection, Baneocin can be used in the area of \u200b\u200bvesicles..

Traditional Medicines For severe itching that disturbs a child’s sleep, you can drink soothing teas with medicinal herbs, such as mint or lemon balm. In cases of rashes in the oral cavity, rinsing with infusions of chamomile and sage has a good effect..

It is not recommended to treat a child using folk remedies without first consulting a doctor..

PreventionAt the moment, there are methods of specific and nonspecific prevention:.

Method of prevention.

Description.

non-specific.

It consists in isolating patients at home or in a hospital for up to 9 days from the onset of the disease. It is necessary to carry out frequent ventilation and wet cleaning in the room where the patient is located..

Specific.

Vaccinations against the varicella-zoster virus.

The vaccine induces strong long-term immunity to the varicella-zoster virus.

It is known that the varicella-zoster virus is prone to persistence (long stay in the body of a sick person), causing a relapse in the form of shingles over time, accompanied by unilateral herpetiform painful rashes..

In most cases, the prognosis for chickenpox is favorable.. With the appearance of severe complications, as well as in persons with severe immune suppression, the prognosis is unfavorable..

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