The process of forming a person’s voice occurs in the vocal apparatus, where the movement of air starts in the energy department - the lungs, and passing through the resonator and articulation departments, turns into a voice. The abdominal and respiratory muscles of the chest with the diaphragm participate in the formation of the voice.. In its formation - the vocal cords located in the larynx, and the oral and nasal cavities are responsible for articulation. The whole process is managed and controlled by the central nervous system - everything is simple.

Types of voice disorders A generalized concept defines the types of partial (dysphonia) impairment or complete (aphonia) absence of phonation. Aphonia, as a loss of voice, in addition to a whisper, is not characterized by anything else. Dysphonia has a wider spectrum:.

by volume - a quiet or too loud voice;

in pitch - too low or too high (falsetto);

timbre - hoarse, hoarse voice, monotonous or barking;

by resonance.

The most commonly affected voice disorders are:.

people whose profession is associated with the intensive operation of the voice apparatus;

teenagers during puberty;

children and adults with speech disorders - rhinolalia, dysarthria, stuttering.

Causes of a hoarse voice or its loss All causes of voice disorders are divided into 2 categories according to the presence or absence of structural transformations of the vocal apparatus:.

Organic causes - united by physiological disorders of the organs involved in the formation and formation of the voice, including the central nervous system and the brain.

Functional - all voice disorders not associated with organ damage.

Both those and other disorders are divided according to the central and peripheral characteristics..

Chronic laryngitis is one of the most common causes of voice disorders..

Organic Among the organic prerequisites, the main share of voice disorders is occupied by pathologies of a peripheral nature, caused by inflammation or physiological changes in the organs of the vocal apparatus:.

Chronic laryngitis.

Thermal and mechanical damage to the larynx.

Fold knots.

Neoplasms in the larynx.

Scars after surgery, stenosis.

Other consequences of surgical operations on the larynx.

Functional reasons The reasons why voice disorders are not associated with damage to the organs of voice formation are called functional, and are also divided into central and peripheral.

Regardless of the reasons that caused hoarseness and loss of voice, it is advisable to include the complex drug Homeovox in the course of drug treatment.. The balanced composition of medicinal herbs provides a softening and anti-inflammatory effect on the larynx and vocal cords.

Various stressful situations and circumstances can affect psychologically and emotionally unstable people in such a way that their nervous system reacts with impaired voice function..

The consequence of strong and prolonged loads on the vocal apparatus may be phonosthenia, the result of which is a disruption in the functioning of various parts of the vocal apparatus - respiratory, resonator or articulatory.

Phasthenic type disorders are characterized by hoarseness and sore throat, partial loss of voice parameters - timbre, tonality, volume. Rapid vocal fatigue occurs with normal vocal loads. The causes of disorders are most often overstrain of the ligaments and failure to comply with complete rest for the vocal cords during the treatment of diseases of the throat and respiratory tract.

Mutational dysphonia refers to peripheral functional disorders of vocal functions in adolescence. The most common causes of mutational dysphonia are:.

Respiratory infectious diseases - laryngitis and laryngotracheitis affect the vocal cords and provoke the pathological development of the entire apparatus.

Excessive tension of the voice - during the period of teenage mutation of the larynx, it threatens to fix functional disorders, expressed in hoarseness of the voice. Adolescents are at risk of such pathologies, ignoring the physiological limits of their voice during this period, as well as intensively practicing vocals..

Psychogenic factor - neuropsychic pathologies against the background of emotional experiences and upheavals, asthenic syndrome and simply - a teenage tendency to communicate in raised tones turning into a scream - all this leads to functional dysphonia and persistent hoarseness of voice.

Disorders of the endocrine system - improper production of hormones can affect the formation of hoarseness in the voice in adolescents.

In adolescence, puberty, you should especially carefully and carefully treat your voice.

Manifestations of disorders The symptoms of voice disorders are affected by the nature of the causes - organic or functional.

Organic:.

Pain and soreness in the larynx, the voice is hoarse, and in acute forms it may disappear altogether - due to loose closure of the ligaments. These are the consequences of the inflammatory process in laryngitis.

Neoplasms that have arisen in the larynx, both benign and malignant, tend to grow, and as they grow, they affect the voice - it becomes hoarse, weak, or disappears altogether. Complete loss of voice is not uncommon after larynx surgery to remove tumors.

Loss of voice is a common manifestation of paresis and atrophic paralysis of the larynx. At a minimum, such clinical indications are characterized by hoarseness of the voice, a change in its timbre, and depression of power..

A quiet, monotonous, hoarse voice is a characteristic sign of organic disorders caused by anarthria or dysarthria..

Functional:.

Hoarseness of the voice, fatigue of the ligaments, plus pain in the neck - these are the signs of phonasthenia, which is the most common functional type of voice disorder..

Hoarseness of voice, up to a whisper - characteristic of a disease such as paresis of the larynx.

A rough, deaf, hoarse voice manifests itself in a person suffering from spasms of the larynx.

Changes in the timbre of the voice towards a more hoarse and rough, or vice versa - excessively high, are characteristic of pathology with a natural mutation. Loss of voice in adolescence threatens to further fix such disorders..

Hoarseness and hoarseness of the voice are the main signs of functional disorders of the vocal apparatus. Aphonia, as a loss of voice, is less common than with anatomical disorders.

Diagnostics.

Doctors of specialized specialties can make an accurate diagnosis:.

Otolaryngologist - studies the anamnesis, conducts an examination and ENT diagnostics for physiological changes or inflammatory processes in the organs that make up the vocal apparatus. In his "

A speech therapist or a specialist in a direction more focused on the voice - a phonopedist, study the functional features of disorders and draw up a correction strategy.

Treatment of voice disordersDrug treatment for voice disorders is used in the presence of inflammation.

The strategy for correcting voice disorders depends on the results of the diagnosis and, accordingly, the causes of voice disorders.. The physiological causes of hoarseness or hoarseness are eliminated by a number of medical measures:.

manual therapy of the front of the neck;

exercise therapy;

physiotherapy procedures;

restorative treatment course.

As part of the course of treatment, preparations specially designed for voice restoration, such as Homeovox, show high efficiency.. Their action from the first days of use has a beneficial effect on the restoration of the functions of the larynx and vocal cords, and the composition has no age restrictions and is combined with any medication.

The most important factor in the effectiveness of speech therapy restoration of voice disorders is the timeliness of its application to exclude the psychological and physiological fixation of pathologies.. Simply put, the earlier the process of restoring voice functions by speech therapy methods is started, the more effective they are.. These methods are enough:.

restoration of proper breathing;

psychotherapeutic course;

breathing and articulation exercises;

formation of coordination between phonation and articulation by phonopedic exercises.

On average, the duration of voice restoration is from 2 to 4 months, with strict adherence to all prescribed procedures and voice mode.. The result of recovery is considered to be a voice of normal strength without signs of fatigue and discomfort, with correctly set breathing..

neboleem. net.