Why the treatment of chronic vasomotor rhinitis should be prescribed by a doctor? What are the causes of the development of the disease and its main symptoms? What prevention methods can be used?

In recent years, among diseases of the ENT organs, there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of chronic rhinitis.. Among the chronic forms of rhinitis, vasomotor rhinitis occupies a large place.. What it is?

Chronic vasomotor rhinitis is a disease that affects the nasal mucosa due to dysregulation of general or local vascular tone, according to Pannochka, an online publication for girls and women from 14 to 35 years old.. net Vasomotor rhinitis is characterized by nasal congestion and difficulty in nasal breathing ICD-10 code (International classification of diseases 10 revision) - J30.

According to the etiological factor, an allergic or neurovegetative form of the disease is distinguished..

The disease can be caused by physical, chemical or toxic factors. Other types of vasomotor rhinitis:.

psychogenic, in which vascular imbalance develops due to the lability of the autonomic nervous system;

idiopathic;

mixed.

The pathogenesis of the neurovegetative form of vasomotor rhinitis is based on dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, both the autonomic nervous system of the nasal cavity, and general vegetative-vascular dystonia.

The imbalance between the departments of the autonomic nervous system in vasomotor rhinitis occurs due to an increase in the tone of one or a decrease in the tone of another of its departments. This pathological process can be initiated by many external and internal factors..

An imbalance in the autonomic nervous system can result in gastroesophageal or laryngopharyngeal reflux, which is also a trigger factor for the disease..

The trigger factor is often a previous respiratory viral infection. Nonspecific reasons may include: tobacco smoke, strong odors, ozone, pollutants, alcohol intake, a sharp change in the temperature of the inhaled air.

The main non-specific triggering factor of the chronic form of the disease is cold air.. The increased ozone content in the inhaled air damages the epithelium, increases vascular permeability. Leukocytes and mast cells begin to migrate into the mucous membrane, stimulating the production of neuropeptides - mediators that are involved in the formation of nasal hyperreactivity in vasomotor rhinitis.

Curvature of the nasal septum can lead to the development of the disease Mechanical factors that can cause symptoms of pathology, provided there is nasal hyperreactivity:.

trauma to the nose, including surgical;

deformities of the nasal septum, the presence of sharp ridges and spines that are in contact with the lateral wall of the nasal cavity;

forced exhalation through the nose;

increased blowing out.

An imbalance in the autonomic nervous system can result in gastroesophageal or laryngopharyngeal reflux, which is also a trigger factor for the disease..

The allergic form of rhinitis is based on a specific IgE-dependent reaction between the allergen and tissue antibodies. The allergic form of vasomotor rhinitis occurs as a result of exposure to various allergens:.

pollen of plants during their flowering period;

book and house dust;

bird feather;

hair, pet dander;

daphnia (dry food for fish);

food products: citrus fruits, honey, strawberries, milk, fish;

perfumery.

In the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis, there is a specific IgE-dependent reaction between the allergen and tissue antibodies, as a result of which mediators of the allergic reaction (histamine, serotonin, tryptase) are released, which are involved in the formation of nasal hyperreactivity and the development of clinical signs.

Symptoms of chronic vasomotor rhinitis The main symptoms of the disease are:.

prolonged difficulty in nasal breathing;

nasal congestion;

persistent or recurring clear nasal discharge;

a sensation of mucus running down the back of the throat;

headache and decreased sense of smell, lacrimation.

The disease is characterized by an increase in the volume of the lower turbinates As a result of an increase in the permeability of the blood vessels, an increase in the volume of the lower turbinates occurs, which leads to nasal congestion..

This symptom occurs in the form of seizures and is characterized by the occurrence of profuse mucous or watery nasal discharge and paroxysmal sneezing..

When turning and changing the position of the head, nasal congestion can alternately change from one half to the other.. Persistent difficulty in nasal breathing occurs as a result of turbinate hypertrophy, which develops in chronic rhinitis. Also, patients may have signs of vegetative vascular dystonia:.

acrocyanosis;

bradycardia;

low blood pressure;

drowsiness;

neurasthenia.

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