Papillomas on the cervix appear as a result of human papillomavirus infection. This is a widespread pathology, which mainly affects women aged 30–45 years.. Pathology must be treated, and not only to remove neoplasms, but also to fight a viral infection. For this, an integrated approach to therapy is used - a combination of medical and surgical methods..
Papillomas on the cervix have a risk of degeneration into a malignant tumor Causes of pathology In most cases, the appearance of papillomas is associated with papillomavirus infection (human papillomavirus, HPV, papillomavirus). The virus can infect any area of \u200b\u200bthe skin and mucous membranes, however, the appearance of papillomas on the genitals (cervix, vagina, vulva) is most dangerous due to the high risk of developing malignant diseases.
About the causative agent The causative agent of the disease is a microorganism from the papillomavirus family.. In total, there are more than 600 types of viruses, all of them are capable of infecting the human body and causing the development of various pathologies.. About 40 types of HPV can affect the genitals (including the cervix), among them the most common and dangerous are HPV-16 and HPV-18. It is these viruses that have oncogenic properties, that is, they are capable of causing malignant degeneration of tissues..
How the infection occurs The main route of HPV infection is sexual. Sometimes, even after papillomaviruses enter the genital tract, infection does not occur, since the immune system quickly inactivates foreign particles. In other cases, after entering the body, viruses infect the basal layer of the epithelium, causing the proliferation of epithelial cells. Papillomas on the mucous membrane do not appear immediately, the incubation period is 1-2 months or more.
Which increases the likelihood of the disease Not in all cases of papillomavirus entering the body, a clinical picture of papillomatosis and especially cancer develops. The prevalence of human papillomavirus infection is extremely high - one or another type of virus is detected in every 3 women. But most of them do not develop the disease, such women are carriers of the infection.
Whether the disease manifests itself or not depends mainly on the state of immunity - whether the immune system has enough strength to fight the pathogen. All conditions that suppress immunity can increase the likelihood of HPV infection:.
oncological diseases of any localization;
hypothermia;
frequent infectious diseases;
taking certain medications (systemic and local glucocorticoids, cytostatics);
kidney disease accompanied by increased protein secretion (glomerulonephritis, renal failure);
endocrine diseases (diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism);
emotional stress, distress, chronic lack of sleep.
It was also found that the likelihood of HPV infection increases the presence of STDs (sexually transmitted diseases - chlamydia, genital herpes, syphilis, trichomoniasis) and smoking. Papillomas often appear during pregnancy and disappear after childbirth.
How the disease manifests itself In most cases, there are no clinical symptoms.. A woman may not even suspect about the presence of neoplasms on the cervix, and pathology is detected during a gynecological examination. Less commonly, nonspecific symptoms are present: bleeding from the genital tract, pain in the abdomen, lethargy, weakness.
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