American scientists have found that a chain reaction occurs in the intestines due to specific cells that turn off the immune system from the effects of the Cryptosporidium parasite. It helps to fight infection effectively.

To start the fight against any outside invader, the human body must feel the very moment of the invasion. The affected tissue then sends signals to the immune system, which releases soldiers to fight the pathogen.. Science is not yet fully aware of the early stages of recognition by the body of those very invaders, and a deeper understanding of these reactions will provide scientists with important clues to help prevent and treat infectious diseases arising from the hyperreactivity of the immune system..

Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania studied the body's response to the invasion of the Cryptosporidium parasite. The very first alarming signals for human health, emanating from the parasite, were traced not to immune cells, as one might expect, but to the epithelial cells lining the intestines. This is where Cryptosporidium finds itself during infection. These cells are known as enterocytes, and research has shown that they alert the body to danger through the molecular receptor NLRP6.. It, in turn, is a component of the so-called inflammasome.

Scientists call inflammasomes (a polyprotein oligomeric complex responsible for activating the inflammatory response) a kind of signaling in the body. It can be compared to those security systems that are used in modern homes, such as a camera that monitors the door and sensors on the windows.. Once triggered, the system amplifies the signals and sends a call for help. Gut epithelial cells also have different components, and scientists have figured out how certain receptors work as "

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