Ovarian cancer is very common, cancer is primary, secondary or metastatic.

The primary form of cancer (endometrioid) often affects women under 30 and is characterized by bilateral lesions.

Secondary cancer develops from cystic tumors that contain fluid or mucus. Most often affects women between 40 and 60 years of age and older.

Metastatic cancer occurs as a result of metastases from other affected organs. This form is characterized by rapid growth and is characterized by increased malignancy..

Particularly noteworthy is such a form as papillary cystadenoma, which is similar to cancer, but proceeds more favorably. Such a neoplasm consists of cysts and papillomas that can grow into the ovary and give metastatic nodes in the abdominal cavity..

Clinical presentation Symptoms of the presence of a malignant neoplasm are similar to those in the case of benign tumors. In the early stages, symptoms may be absent, the menstrual cycle is not disturbed. But when the neoplasm reaches a large size, pain, a feeling of pressure associated with the pressure of the tumor on neighboring organs may appear.. May have difficulty urinating.

Moving tumors are characterized by torsion of the leg, which can lead to severe pain, vomiting, rapid pulse and collapse. The cyst may rupture and end up in the abdominal cavity and cause multiple lesions.

Certain tumors can secrete hormones. Granulosa cell neoplasm causes early maturation of girls, i.e.. secretes female sex hormones. And adenoblastoma secretes male sex hormones, which leads to a woman's courage.

Diagnostics.

It is rather difficult to recognize ovarian cancer in the early stages, and often during surgery it is not always possible to determine the malignancy of the tumor.

The malignant neoplasm has a dense consistency, there are nodes and bumps, it grows rapidly and gives metastases. Ultrasound tomography is used for examination. In the later stages of cancer, an ovarian biopsy is performed.

Since ovarian cancer occurs as a metastasis, the entire body is examined to identify the primary tumor.. Timely diagnostic methods will make it possible to identify the disease in time and begin treatment, preventing the neglect of the disease.

Treatment.

The main method of treatment for ovarian cancer is surgery, as a result of which the uterus and its appendages are excised. During surgery, it is not always possible to determine the malignancy of the tumor, therefore, an urgent examination of a tissue sample is used.

Chemotherapy can be used as an additional method. A few months later, in the absence of symptoms, laparoscopy is performed to establish remission. Radiation therapy can also be used as a treatment for papillary cystadenoma.

Metastases Ovarian cancer metastases to the abdominal cavity, causing ascites or pleurisy. Less commonly, this cancer metastasizes to the liver or lungs.

Sometimes metastases occur in the retroperitoneal lymph nodes.

The prognosis of cure depends on what stage the disease is at, as well as what form it has. Survival rate reaches 66% if cancer is detected early. Advanced stages are treated palliatively.

Prevention.

For the purpose of prevention, a woman needs to regularly undergo examinations by a gynecologist, do ultrasound, if a benign neoplasm is found, it is better to remove it.

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