Amblyopia, or lazy eye syndrome, is an ophthalmic disease associated with impaired binocular vision.

HOW AMBLIOPIA ARISES.

Normally, the image focuses on identical areas of the retina. The received information in the form of nerve impulses is transmitted to the cells of the brain. The end point of this data transmission pathway is the cortical representation of the visual analyzer - the occipital cortex.

If for some reason the image focuses on non-identical areas of the retina, then the central nervous system suppresses neuronal impulses from the retina of one of the eyes.

The result is a violation of binocular, i.e.. volumetric and full vision. Squint may also occur..

TYPES OF AMBLIOPY.

Refractive amblyopia This is amblyopia caused by the difference in optical power of transparent media in two eyes. When the difference in refraction is more than ± 3 D, one eyeball is "

Refractive errors can be as follows:.

•myopia,.

•astigmatism,.

•hypermetropia,.

• combined variants of anomalies.

Deprivation (obscuration) amblyopia It occurs as a result of obstruction of the flow of light rays to the retina.

The causes of obscuration amblyopia can be:.

•tumor,.

•ptosis,.

•cataract,.

• clouding of the vitreous body.

Adults more often suffer from the deprivation variant of the disease..

Dysbinocular amblyopia This variant of amblyopia is caused by the problem of friendly movement of the eyeballs.

The most common causes of this condition are:.

Strabismus Nystagmus Disorder of combined eye movement (central or peripheral origin).

Rhythmic involuntary movement of the eyeballs in different directions.

Amblyopia and strabismus in adults and children are a common combination of pathology at an appointment with an ophthalmologist.

Psychogenic amblyopia This variant of amblyopia is a consequence of functional disorders of the nervous system (more often in adults). Ophthalmological and neurological examinations show no signs of organic pathology.

Treatment of amblyopia in children and adults Therapeutic measures should be aimed at the cause of the disease.

Identification of causative factors is possible only on the basis of a thorough preliminary diagnosis. At the Center for Eye Surgery and. Medvedev has a full range of diagnostic equipment. Experienced ophthalmologists carry out detailed diagnostics and find out the mechanisms of amblyopia occurrence.

After this, differentiated therapy is carried out..

• Correction of refractive errors. It is necessary to correct refractive errors so that the image on both retinas is focused identically.

• Surgical elimination of the causes of amblyopia. Treatment of tumors, blepharoplasty - removal of the " If ptosis is caused by damage to the structures of the central nervous system, therapeutic measures are determined in conjunction with a neurologist.

• Elimination of strabismus. Depending on the type of pathology, surgical or conservative (pleoptics) methods of influencing amblyopia and strabismus are used. They are aimed at restoring friendly eye movements..

Treatment of a lazy eye in children involves the use of predominantly conservative techniques, in particular, hardware.

Pleoptics Pleoptics are methods of stimulating inhibited retinal neurons of an inactive eye.

• Wearing occluders. This is a strabismus correction method based on the closure of the active eyeball.

• Using computer programs.

There are various types of computer-assisted treatments that are performed in a playful way and are especially relevant for children.. Such programs allow you to restore binocular vision and stimulate the "

• Apparatus treatment of amblyopia and strabismus. This is a complex of physiotherapy methods aimed at:.

local improvement of blood flow,.

stimulation of energy processes in retinal cells,.

stimulation of the transmission of a nerve impulse to the cortical representation of the visual analyzer.

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