Vasculitis - inflammation of the walls of blood vessels. Depending on which vessels are affected, the following types of vasculitis are distinguished:.

Phlebitis - caused by inflammation of the walls of the venous vessels.

Arteriolitis - inflammation of small arteries.

Arteritis - lesions of the arterial walls.

Capillaritis - inflammation of the capillaries.

There are cases when several vessels are affected at once, this is called systemic vasculitis..

Separately, hemorrhagic vasculitis, affecting the vessels of the skin, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, joints, is distinguished, according to Pannochka, an Internet publication for girls and women from 14 to 35 years old.. net Causes of the onset of the disease Vasculitis can be primary, developing as an independent disease and it can occur as a complication of certain diseases.

The causes of primary vasculitis have not yet been established, and secondary vasculitis can manifest itself against the background of chronic, acute infections, vaccinations, oncological diseases, severe overheating or cooling, thermal lesions of the skin, including. sunburn. Vasculitis can develop after injury or exposure to biological poisons, chemicals.

All these negative factors can lead to the fact that the structure of vascular tissue changes, and the body begins to reject it, perceiving it as foreign, and produce antibodies.

Symptoms of vasculitis Symptoms of vasculitis at the onset of the disease are mostly similar: fever, "

A characteristic symptom of vasculitis is cutaneous hemorrhage.. After the skin, the lesion goes to the muscles, joints, nerves, which is why, with the further development of the disease, the symptoms of vasculitis differ depending on which organ's vessels are inflamed.

With nodular periarteritis, the patient feels pain in the muscles, sharp pains in the abdomen, he has nausea, vomiting, fever.

With temporal giant cell arteritis, weakness, throbbing headaches are felt, there is swelling in the temporal region.

With aortoarteritis, the limbs become numb and sore, the back, stomach ache, vision is impaired, the patient faints.

Hemorrhagic vasculitis begins with skin rashes in the form of symmetrical small bruises.. A rash forms on the buttocks, around the joints, on the extensor surfaces of the arms and legs. Less commonly, you can see a rash on the face, feet and palms, trunk. Based on these signs, the primary diagnosis of vasculitis in children is made..

The second characteristic symptom of hemorrhagic vasculitis is joint damage, accompanied by pain and / or inflammation, is observed in more than half of patients. Usually large joints suffer, their permanent damage with impaired functionality is often not observed.

The third important symptom of hemorrhagic vasculitis is abdominal pain.. It develops both to lesions of the skin and joints, and during. Pain attacks can last for several days. There are also complaints of nausea, bad stool, vomiting, fever, in rare cases, stomach and intestinal bleeding opens..

Diagnosis of the disease To diagnose systemic vasculitis, it is necessary to conduct a blood test, urine test, x-ray of the sternum, and examine the vessels.

To determine hemorrhagic vasculitis, urine and blood tests, sternum x-rays are also done. In addition, the patient is prescribed an ultrasound of the peritoneum, if signs of kidney damage appear, then an ultrasound of the kidneys. For the diagnosis of vasculitis in children, dynamic nephroscintigraphy may additionally be prescribed, i.e.. there may be an abnormality in the development of the urinary system, accumulative and excretory renal function.

At the stage of diagnosis, it is important to distinguish systemic vasculitis from infections accompanied by similar rashes, to exclude thrombocytopenic purpura.

Abdominal pain can also occur with acute appendicitis, perforated ulcer, intestinal obstruction, ulcerative colitis - all these diseases should be excluded before starting treatment for vasculitis. Also excludes glomerulonephritis and lupus erythematosus.

Treatment of vasculitis For the treatment of vasculitis, drugs are prescribed that suppress the production of antibodies, reduce the sensitivity of tissues: cytostatics, glucocorticosteroids.

Also, for some forms of hemorrhagic or systemic vasculitis, blood purification procedures - hemosorption and plasmapheresis can be prescribed.

If the disease is mild, is in remission, the treatment of vasculitis consists only in the appointment of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, for example, voltaren or indomethacin.

Additionally, in the treatment of vasculitis, drugs can be prescribed that reduce vascular permeability and blood clotting - to prevent thrombus formation.

To prevent vasculitis in children and adults, it is necessary to avoid self-medication and unreasonable vaccination, temper, take measures to eliminate the negative effects of external factors, for example, avoid overheating, hypothermia, prolonged exposure to the sun, avoid direct contact with pesticides, etc..

neboleem. net.