Sinusitis is a pathological process that affects the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinuses. To understand how to cure sinusitis, you need to understand its etiology and pathogenesis. The disease is polyethological, that is, it can have several causes. In most cases, the disease develops against a background of a bacterial infection.
For the appointment of therapy for sinusitis should consult a doctor-otolaryngologist. The disease is characterized by swelling of the nasal mucosa and hypersecretion of mucus. As a result, the outflow of secretion is disturbed, which leads to difficulty in nasal breathing. For the normalization of external respiration, the outflow of nasal sinus contents. Etiotropic treatment consists in the appointment of antibacterial agents. In addition, during conservative therapy, anti-inflammatory and vasoconstrictive drugs are used.
Heavy and neglected forms of the disease require surgical treatment. To do this, use invasive and minimally invasive methods of therapy. At a high risk of pus penetration into the cranial cavity or ineffectiveness of conservative treatment, a therapeutic and diagnostic sinus puncture. Minimally invasive techniques include laser coagulation, balloon sinusoplasty, and catheter rinsing with Yamik.
Medicamentous treatment of maxillary sinusitis in adultsHow to get rid of sinusitis with drugs for topical use The main groups of medicines for topical application:.
Decongestants (vasoconstrictor). Preparations based on phenylephrine (Nazol Baby, Nazole Kids), naphazoline (Naphthysine, Sanorin) and tetrizoline (Tizin) have a short duration of action (up to 6 hours). The average duration of action (6-8 hours) are preparations based on xylometazoline (Galazolin, Snoop, Otrivin, Ximelin, Nosoline), tramazolin (Lazolvan Reno). Sprays and droplets with oxymetazoline (Nazivin, Noxprey, Oxifrin, Nazole) last the longest. Oxymetazoline also has a proven antiviral effect. Decongestants can be applied up to 14 days. With more prolonged use, there is a risk of atrophy of the nasal mucosa. The mechanism of action of these agents is to narrow the capillaries by binding to the adrenergic receptors of the nose.
Antiseptics and antibiotics. Means used for bacterial infection. A good effect is possessed by preparations based on Framicetin, for example nasal Spray Isophra. Assign it for 7-14 days. Sanitation of the nasal cavity can also be carried out with a solution of Miramistin or Furacilin. To prepare a solution of furacilin, you should grind 2 tablets and pour them with warm water. In some cases ointments with antibiotics are prescribed (Tetracycline, Synthomycin).
Antiviral and immunostimulating agents. Alfarona, Grippferon, Ingaron are interferon-based drugs used for intranasal administration. They indirectly affect the infection by stimulating immunity. IRS-19 is a complex drug from bacterial lysates. It increases specific and nonspecific immunity.
Glucocorticosteroids (GCS) and antihistamines. Avamis, Nazonex, Fliksonase contain GCS (mometasone furoate, fluticasone), which relieve edema and hyperemia. Allergodyl and Azelastine are antihistamines. The above groups of drugs are mainly prescribed for sinusitis having an allergic etiology.
Phytomedication. Plant components, which are part of Pinosol, have an anti-inflammatory and moisturizing effect. It is forbidden to use phytoplocks in case of allergic etiology. Sinuforte is made from cyclamen juice.
It reflexively affects the trigeminal nerve, enhancing the secretion of mucus. In addition, the active substances of the spray dilute the secret, contributing to its outflow from the maxillary sinuses.
Combined preparations. The most commonly prescribed drugs are Polidex (Neomycin, Polymyxin B, Dexamethasone), Rinofluimucil (ACTS, Tuaminogheptan), Vibrocil (Dimenthiden, Phenylephrine). Their therapeutic effect is due to the properties of the constituent components.
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