In this article, together with the leading American experts, we will continue to talk about the main achievements in different fields of medicine over the past two decades, according to the Internet publication for girls and women aged 14-35 who are Pannochka. net Allergology and Immunology: New Biopharmaceuticals.

These drugs have revolutionized the treatment of a number of diseases, including allergic. Dr. Gary Stadtmayr, Professor of Clinical Immunology at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York, believes that the onset was initiated by the introduction of the drug omalizumab (Xolair®) for the treatment of asthma.

Omalizumab is a human monoclonal antibody against IgE. The drug was approved by the FDA in 2003 for the treatment of severe asthma in patients who depend on corticosteroids. In 2014, the testimony was expanded, and omalizumab was prescribed for chronic idiopathic urticaria.

Dr. Stadtmayr says that this medicine can theoretically be used for other, more rare diseases, but scientific data is not enough. High cost Xolair and a small amount of data so far restrict the use of the drug.

Radiology: Positron Emission Tomography.

If the main achievement in radiology of the 70-80s is undoubtedly an MRI, then the most significant breakthrough in recent years experts call positron emission tomography (PET).

Dr. Hussein Yadvar, a professor of medical radiology at the University of Southern California and leading radiologist at the Keck Medical Center, notes that PET had a tremendous impact on oncology, neurology and cardiology.

"Positron emission tomography is now carried out with the help of hybrid PET / CT and PET / MRI devices, providing invaluable information not only to practicing physicians, but also to scientists," said Professor.

In 2000, positron emission tomography was named the medical invention of the year according to TIME.

Plastic surgery and dermatology: dermal fillers and Botox.

The invention of dermal fillers and relaxants has changed the practice of plastic surgery. The first of these products, onobotulinum toxin A (Botox®), was approved for clinical use in 1989. Then it was a remedy for the treatment of blepharospasm and strabismus.

Dr. Darric Antell, Professor of Surgery at the School of Medicine of Aikan (New York), says: "The use of Botox for cosmetic procedures began in 2002, with time, its testimony expanded. Botox injections are a minimally invasive and highly effective procedure that costs relatively little and offers great opportunities. Although botox did not replace plastic surgery, he gave doctors a useful tool that simply was not in the past ".

It should be noted that botulinum toxin in various forms and combinations is used today not only for face rejuvenation, but also for such purposes as cervical dystonia treatment, chronic migraine headaches, hyperactive bladder and others.. This unique group of biological products is approved for more than 100 diseases and conditions.

Emergency medicine: ultrasound.

Such an important diagnostic tool, like ultrasound, began to be used in the 1980s, but at first these devices were complex, massive and expensive, which limited their clinical application. Apparatus for ultrasound has been significantly improved and miniaturized only in the 1990s, then so-called 3D and 4D images appeared.

According to Dr. Robert Glutter, an ambulance physician from the Lenox Hill Hospital in New York, the introduction of such a device into his practice was the biggest achievement of the last 20 years: "The use of ultrasound in emergency medicine brought our work to a qualitatively new level. We quickly and effectively diagnosed life-threatening conditions, in time to prescribe the right treatment. These devices significantly reduced the incidence of complications and mortality. It is very important that under ultrasound control, many risky procedures can be performed more accurately and efficiently (for example, the installation of a central catheter). ".

And, of course, one can not overemphasize the benefits of ultrasound in obstetrics, gynecology, gastroenterology, cardiology and other areas of modern medicine. Many experts argue that improving ultrasound devices in the future will make stethoscopes an unnecessary tool.

Pediatrics: vaccines for cancer prevention.

Vaccines for cancer prevention is a tremendous achievement of our era. The human papillomavirus vaccine, which was first approved in the US in 2006, can prevent up to 90% of all cervical cancer cases. For the creation of the vaccine Haradzur zur Hauzen received the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology.

Dr. Paul Offit, director of the Vaccine Research Center and an infectious disease officer at the Philadelphia Children's Hospital, says: "The recently approved 9-valent vaccine in the US has the chance to prevent at least 29,000 cancers per year, which is 5,000 human lives. Today the role of human papillomavirus in the development of cervical cancer, as well as cancer of the oral cavity and rectum, has been reliably proven, therefore introduction of such vaccines is simply necessary ".

Gynecology: screening for cervical cancer.

Dr. Freyhofer, an expert on gynecological oncology, notes that the vaccines against papillomavirus led to changes in the recommendations for screening for cervical cancer.

Previously, in the US, all sexually active women were recommended to undergo a pap test to detect precancerous processes in the endocervical canal.

"But today, American doctors screening women under the age of 21 are no longer conducting (by order of 2012), while STDs are identified by urine and blood samples, so many young women can avoid unnecessary procedure. Moreover, due to the wide distribution of vaccines, the new recommendations abolish periodic colposcopy for women under 21 years old, which was very troubling for young patients in the past, "says the doctor..

medbe. en.