What does vomiting and when to run to the doctor?

21 May 2018, 00:34 | Health
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Vomiting helps to cleanse the stomach of harmful substances and thereby reduce or prevent intoxication of the body. Therefore, most often it consists of the contents of the stomach - food remnants, gastric juice, mucus. But what does the appearance of bile in the vomit masses mean? Why this happens and what can talk about, was able to understand MedAboutMe.

What is bile and what is it for? Bile is a specific fluid that is produced in the liver and enters the duodenum through the bile ducts. It is extremely necessary for proper digestion, since it helps to digest fats. At the same time it enters the gastrointestinal tract, it is unstable, but only during meals. In between meals, the fluid accumulates in the gallbladder.

Normally, the bile of the duodenum along with food fragments goes further - into the small and then large intestine and does not get into the stomach, from where it can come out with vomit masses. Therefore, the appearance of bile during vomiting is always a symptom of violations of the gastrointestinal tract, temporary or permanent. Determine the presence of bile can be a characteristic greenish-yellow color and a strong persistent taste of bitterness in the mouth.

Vomiting in bile reflux A biliary reflux is a condition in which bile flows in the opposite direction - from the duodenum gets into the stomach. The presence of this fluid causes irritation of the walls of the organ, so nausea and subsequent vomiting is a natural consequence of this pathology.

By itself, bile reflux is not a disease, but is typical for a fairly large number of pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract. Among the most common causes of its occurrence:.

Gastric and duodenal ulcers. Functional variance. The consequence of the operation to remove the gallbladder. Hernia. Tumors in the duodenum. Various conditions associated with a dysfunction of the gatekeeper - a fragment between the stomach and duodenum. For example, the pyloric stenosis can be manifested by morning attacks of such vomiting.

Since bile reflux leads to irritation of the walls of the stomach, in addition to vomiting, it is accompanied by other symptoms, among which:.

Pain in the upper abdomen. Acid-like taste in the mouth. Heartburn. Cough and hoarseness.

Chronic reflux can not be ignored, if you have these symptoms, you should always consult a doctor. The fact is that this condition is not only a sign of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), but it can also provoke a chronic form of inflammation of the stomach walls - reflux gastritis.

Diseases of the gallbladder The cause of vomiting of bile can be and various diseases of the gallbladder. First of all, we are talking about cholelithiasis (cholelithiasis), in which the body is formed by concrements. The cause of such formations is stagnation of bile, and for a long time the disease can not make itself felt. In the later stages of a person, the pain in the right hypochondrium and the constant nausea. Vomiting can be quite frequent, especially if the disease leads to inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis) and liver damage. In this case, seizures may occur every two hours, and vomiting itself will not bring relief.

A dangerous condition for cholelithiasis is biliary colic - a severe acute pain on the right, caused by the stone stuck in narrow ducts. Against this background, too often there is profuse vomiting with bile.

If a person is concerned about such symptoms, he should see a doctor as soon as possible. Gallstone disease can lead to acute inflammation of the pancreas (biliary pancreatitis). The disease requires compulsory treatment under the supervision of a doctor, often with cholelithiasis the patient needs an operation to remove the gallbladder.

Intestinal obstruction and vomiting of bile One of the most dangerous conditions that can be accompanied by vomiting of bile is intestinal obstruction. In this case, the symptom can occur both with partial narrowing of the lumen, and with complete overlap of the gut. If the patient does not receive timely medical care, the condition can lead to tissue necrosis, perforation of the intestine, development of peritonitis and sepsis.

Along with vomiting in the obstruction there are such symptoms:.

Constipation. Bloating, its asymmetry (on the surface can be seen selective parts and dips). Firm tense abdomen. Loss of appetite.

Acute intestinal obstruction is in itself a dangerous condition requiring urgent medical attention. In addition, any such pathology can indicate the presence of serious diseases, so even partial obstruction can not be ignored. So, one of the reasons for the impassability in adulthood is colon cancer or colorectal cancer. Among other possible factors:.

Hernias. Infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Spikes arising after surgery. Curvature of the bowel. Diseases or changes in the food regime, leading to a violation of intestinal motility. Metabolic disorders, in particular, hypokalemia. Vomiting of bile in children As a rule, in children, vomiting of bile is associated with malnutrition. If a lot of fatty and fried foods are present in the baby's diet, this leads to disruption of the liver and pancreas and, as a consequence, to nausea and vomiting. To inflammations of the organs also lead to various types of intoxication. Most often it is a question of food poisoning, but indigestion can cause infectious diseases, uncontrolled use of drugs, inadequate drinking. In the case of food poisoning, first the vomit consists of the contents of the stomach - pieces of food, mucus and other. And later, bile appears in them, which indicates that the walls of the stomach are irritated.

A dangerous condition, in which children may experience vomiting of bile, are various cases of intestinal obstruction. In the youngest, developmental malformations can occur, for example, atresia of the rectum or different types of megacolon - a pathological enlargement of the large intestine.

Intestinal obstruction can be caused by intussusception - a condition in which one part of the intestine is wrapped into the lumen of another. In the first year of life, such a pathology can occur due to age-specific features, in particular, in infants the mobility of the colon is increased. But in older children, this type of obstruction is more often associated with serious health problems - tumors, polyps, lymphoid tissue hyperplasia and other.

Other causes of vomiting of bile Vomiting of bile is not always a sign of dangerous diseases. For example, a symptom is characteristic of alcohol poisoning and indicates a significant intoxication of the body. Such vomiting may not bring relief, be frequent enough. In some cases, it appears immediately at the field of drinking alcoholic beverages, in others, it occurs the next morning and can bother throughout the day. Bile appears in the vomit, as intoxication leads to inflammation of the walls of the stomach - even if it is completely released from food, the urge will still remain. A similar picture is observed with other types of severe poisoning.

Vomiting with impurities of bile can disturb pregnant women against a toxicosis. And often it occurs in those women who abstain from eating.

In this case, gastric juice is worked up in the stomach, and bile flows into the duodenum, but since food does not enter the digestive tract, these liquids lead to irritation and, as a result, vomiting. Such attacks are easily removed by proper diet and diet and, if infrequent, should not cause greater concern. At the same time, you should tell your doctor about such ailments, as they can be a symptom of exacerbations of cholecystitis or pancreatitis.

Source: News Yu.

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