Inflammation of the lymph nodes, called lymphadenitis, and which often occurs in combination with lymphagnitis is an alarming symptom. If lymph nodes increase and hurt, you need to see a doctor to determine the cause that caused this deviation. In most cases, enlarged lymph nodes signal the development of a disease that requires diagnosis and treatment. Usually, the increase in lymph nodes is caused by the inflammatory process taking place in the human body, according to the Internet edition for girls and women from 14 to 35 years old Pannochka. net Causes of Inflammation of Lymph Nodes Inflammation of lymph nodes is a natural objective process, because lymph nodes filter all components that enter the circulatory system. Once a lymph node, which is a kind of barrier, gets pathogenic microorganisms, it starts to work with lymphocytes that kill harmful viruses and bacteria. But in some cases, the mass of foreign elements in the blood is so increased that the normal number of white blood cells can no longer cope with its function. In response, lymphocytes actively multiply to eliminate the infection. And now the lymph nodes grow, become inflamed, there is redness of the skin and painful sensations - inflammation of the lymph nodes is diagnosed.

Symptoms of inflammation of the lymph nodes Inflammation of the lymph nodes is accompanied by such symptoms:.

enlarged lymph nodes;.

pain in the lymph nodes;.

a malaise, a headache;.

heat.

If, in addition to the listed signs, reddening of the skin around the lymph node, severe pain appears, which means that a purulent process has begun. Other signs of purulent inflammation of the lymph nodes are elevated temperature, chills, general worsening of the patient.

If the enlarged lymph node does not hurt, the temperature does not rise and the site grows slightly in size, this signals that this lymph node functions more actively than the rest. This is caused by some disease that occurs at the time of inflammation of the lymph node, or has already passed. After a certain time, the enlarged lymph node takes its standard size.

There is a local and generalized inflammation of the lymph nodes - it depends on the degree of spread of the disease. If only one category of lymph nodes is affected, they speak of local inflammation of the lymph nodes. If the swollen lymph nodes, which are not adjacent to each other, are aggravated, this is a generalized inflammation of the lymph nodes.

Diseases that cause an increase in lymph nodes As a rule, the increase in lymph nodes is associated with an infection - affecting the entire body or the local. About the onset of many serious diseases, including infectious and even oncological, say enlarged lymph nodes (one or several).

Inflammation of the lymph nodes is a symptom of a variety of ailments - from banal ARD or sore throat to such severe cancers as leukemia or lymphoma.

By the way, in childhood, inflammation of the lymph nodes is observed much more often than in the adult.

Often in children, the lymph nodes located at the base of the skull or on the neck strongly protrude above the surface of the skin, and this is normal. Despite the fact that at first glance, such lymph nodes seem painfully swollen, they do not indicate any deviation, but simply are an individual feature of this child. However, if the enlargement of the lymph nodes is pronounced, and in diameter they are more than two and a half centimeters, this is already a sign of the disease.

Acute inflammation of the lymph nodes The beginning of acute inflammation of the lymph nodes is indicated by pain, lymphatic enlargement, fever, lethargy. In many cases, inflammation of the lymph nodes is accompanied by an inflammatory process in the lymphatic vessels. As a rule, the inflammation of the lymph nodes proceeds more severely, the more pronounced the infection that caused it. However, it also happens that the initial infectious process is already dying, and the lymph nodes are all sore and remain swollen.

Acute inflammation of the lymph nodes can have three forms: catarrhal (nonsusular), hemorrhagic (in the focus appears a blood impurity) and purulent. Catarrh of the lymph nodes is rarely accompanied by a worsening of the general condition, located in the site of the initial inflammation of the lymph nodes hurt and swollen, the skin does not turn red, the tissues adjacent to the lymph node are not affected by infection.

With a purulent inflammation of the lymph nodes hurt much more, the skin in the outbreak becomes red, inflamed, the lymph nodes become immobile, the general symptoms of the infectious process (weakness, lethargy, fever, headache and t. ) If the patient has turned to the doctor on time, and the lymph nodes have been correctly diagnosed, the treatment will be effective and uncomplicated. But if you start the disease and it goes into a purulent stage, it is entirely possible to completely destroy the lymph node and form a connective tissue site in its place. In this case, the outflow of lymph in this place will be disturbed, there will be permanent swelling. Other serious complications of lymphadenitis are an inflammatory process in the veins (thrombophlebitis), a purulent inflammation of the adjacent tissues, a blood infection. In addition, acute inflammation of the lymph nodes often flow into a chronic form.

Chronic inflammation of the lymph nodes Chronic form of inflammation of the lymph nodes can begin in the process of a slow chronic infectious disease (for example, with chronic tonsillitis). Another possibility is the transition of the acute phase of inflammation to chronic. As a rule, with a chronic course of lymph nodes increase, but do not get inflamed. When probing chronically inflamed lymph nodes, the doctor discovers that they are soldered to surrounding tissues,. In this case, the lymph nodes do not hurt, but for a long time remain enlarged. Gradually, the lymph node tissue is replaced by a connective one, and they decrease in size. Sometimes overgrown connective tissue causes impaired circulation of lymph - there are swelling.

Physicians identify six groups of causes that cause lymphadenopathy. These are the following diseases and conditions:.

local infection;.

general infection (generalized, common), affecting the body as a whole;.

connective tissue diseases;.

oncological diseases;.

increased sensitivity of the body;.

granulomatosis.

Localized infections are bacterial and viral, as well as caused by other microorganisms.

- Bacterial Local Infections. If lymph node enlargement occurs once, it can be triggered by staphylococcus or streptococcus. There are, of course, other, more severe bacterial infections - for example, plague or diphtheria. Long-term chronic local infections include tuberculosis.

- Viral local infections causing inflammation of the lymph nodes. These include, say, rubella, cat scratch disease (Bartonella) - the most common infections that provoke inflammation of the lymph nodes.

In addition to viruses and bacteria, the increase in lymph nodes is also caused by other pathogens - protozoa, fungi, spirochetes.

After vaccination from a group of diseases (DTP) in children, lymph nodes often become inflamed and hurt, but this process is temporary and quickly passes.

General (generalized) infections are also caused by bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms.

- To bacterial common infections that cause inflammation of the lymph nodes, include tuberculosis, typhoid, some infectious skin diseases.

- To viral infections accompanied by an increase in lymph nodes, you can, for example, include:.

cytomegalovirus,.

rubella,.

chickenpox,.

Infectious mononucleosis.

According to some scientific data, AIDS can also be one of the causes of inflammation of the lymph nodes.

- Among other pathogens of generalized infections are called spirochaetes, unicellular microorganisms that can cause an increase and soreness of the lymph nodes.

In the infectious process affecting the entire human body, the inflammation of the lymph nodes first proceeds in one of them, and then spreads to several lymph nodes, and then they speak of generalized inflammation.

Connective tissue diseases that can cause enlarged lymph nodes are, for example, arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus.

The states of hypersensitivity are observed in some people, which react sharply to certain substances. Inflammation of the lymph nodes is an individual response to the introduction of medications and other media. An example is horse serum, which is used to make antisera and can cause inflammation of the lymph nodes in hypersensitive patients.

Oncological diseases also cause an increase in lymph nodes. Among them, for example - leukemia, lymphogranulomatosis, lymphoma.

Granulomatosis.

If you find enlarged lymph nodes in yourself or someone close to you, you should contact one of the following specialists:.

infectious disease physician,.

surgeon,.

hematologist,.

oncologist.

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