The tonsils (palatine tonsils) are lymphoid formations located in the human nasopharynx and performing protective, buffer functions. In the process of breathing and eating food, a large number of different microorganisms penetrate the human body, including pathogens such as viruses and bacteria. The lymphoid tissue of the tonsils filters out most pathogenic bacteria, thereby exposing themselves to an increased risk. As a result of significant accumulations of pathogens in the glands, a constant inflammatory process of varying degrees of intensity is maintained. All these factors lead to such a common phenomenon as pain in the glands.

What if the tonsils hurt? The first and main answer to this question is to immediately consult a doctor. A timely qualified specialist consultation will help to correctly diagnose the disease, to identify the exact cause of pain in the glands and to prescribe effective treatment. Depending on the prerequisites for the onset of the disease, if the glands are painful, you should contact such specialists as an otolaryngologist, infectious disease specialist, venereologist or oncologist.

At the same time, most diseases accompanied by pain in the glands are widely known and described in modern medicine. Thus, in order to have a general idea of ??what to do if the glands are painful, you must first try to determine the cause of this symptom.

As a rule, pain in the region of okolothoric tonsils occurs in the following cases:.

In acute respiratory viral infections To infectious diseases of the respiratory tract it is customary to include various types of colds (ARVI or ARI) and influenza. Currently, more than 200 different pathogens have been identified, such as adenoviruses, rhinoviruses, respiratory syncytial viruses, causing flu-like diseases in humans. One of the main symptoms of these diseases is inflammation of the tonsils and sore throat.

In chronic tonsillitis and its exacerbations Chronic tonsillitis is a common disease, often occurring in a latent form and almost always accompanied by inflammation of the tonsils. Inflammatory process of varying degrees of intensity in the near-pharyngeal region is typical for most people who do not have tonsils removed. In addition to the natural protective processes that cause inflammation, the development of chronic tonsillitis is facilitated by such common diseases as caries, periodontitis, sinusitis, nasal septal deformities and complications after acute infectious diseases (measles, diphtheria, scarlet fever).

Acute tonsillitis, better known as angina, is an infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the lymphoid formations of the okolothomatous ring. The main and most sensitive symptom of angina is considered to be pain in the throat and inflammation of the okolothill tonsils. As a rule, the majority of patients who have tonsillitis, turn to the otolaryngologist for tonsillitis. The main pathogens of angina are staphylococci and streptococci. At the same time, the number of pathogens of this disease includes various opportunistic bacteria and viruses, for example, adenovirus or herpesvirus.

With chronic pharyngitis Chronic pharyngitis is a very common disease, accompanied by inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa and accumulation in the pharynx of a significant amount of mucus. The cause of the disease is prolonged local irritation, inhalation of cold or polluted air, the influence of chemical irritants, such as alcohol-containing liquids, tobacco smoke. Prolonged inflammation of the mucous membrane of the pharynx, as a rule, leads to inflammation of the lymphoid tissues, resulting in pain of the tonsils.

With the development of an abscessed abscess Retrofaringealny or zaglugochny abscess is the result of suppuration of the lymph nodes of the zygopharyngeal space. The cause of the disease, as a rule, is mechanical damage to the mucous membrane of the posterior pharyngeal wall with subsequent infection. In some cases, an abscess occurs as a result of complications of acute infectious or viral diseases, such as influenza, measles or scarlet fever. The development of an abscess leads to inflammation of the tonsils and in most cases requires surgical intervention.

When allergic reactions and under the influence of external stimuli Pain in the glands of varying intensity may be an allergic reaction of the body along with swelling, coughing and runny nose.

Among the common allergens that cause inflammation of the okolothill tonsils, there are plant pollen, wool and animal secretion products, household and book dust, mold, chemicals, a variety of foods and medicines. Also, the indirect cause of such pains can be excessively dry (in a heated, unventilated room) or oversaturated by oxidants (on the streets of the city) air.

With oncological diseases and HIV infection Inflammation of the tonsils may in some cases be a symptom of the development of oncological diseases of the nasopharyngeal organs or secondary viral infections in HIV-positive people.

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