Nutrition for diabetes - a special topic. To prevent a sharp rise or a critical drop in blood glucose, a patient with diabetes should adhere to a number of important rules.

A word - to the head of the Department of Diabetes Therapy with the reference center of training of the Institute of Diabetes FGBU "Endocrinology Research Center" of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Doctor of Medical Sciences Alexander Mayorov.

Journey. Going on holiday in distant countries (especially exotic), it can be difficult to give up the temptation to try the dishes of the local cuisine. However, those who suffer from diabetes, such a rush can be very expensive. Accustomed to calculating the carbohydrate content in the usual food for it (as a rule, for this use the system of units for the replacement of carbohydrates - bread units - XE), a diabetic patient is unlikely to do the same when he is dealing with unfamiliar food.

An exit: before departure to other country study its kitchen, having tried to learn, how many grain units can be contained in the ingredients of local dishes, exotic fruits for you. And, of course, in the conditions of unusual food, you need to measure your blood glucose more often.

Orthodox fasting. Recently, restrictions on food for religious reasons are held by an increasing number of our compatriots, including those with diabetes mellitus. In itself, the exception for the time of protein in food (meat, dairy, fish products), no damage to the health of a person who has diabetes, does not bear. On the contrary, it is even useful, because such a "diet" reduces the level of harmful in diabetes cholesterol.

But the trouble is that, starting to limit themselves in meat and fish, fasting people often increase consumption of carbohydrates not banned by fasting - bread, potatoes - and vegetable oil, which often leads not only to a set of excess weight, but also to an unpredictable increase in the level of glucose in blood, which can not always be adjusted medically.

Output: observe the measure. If you refuse fast food, you should not eat bread with loaves and potatoes with kilograms. In this case, a person with diabetes will actually continue to follow a diabetic diet. And no health problems, the temporary restriction in the diet he will not cause.

The Muslim fast. It is estimated that about 80% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and about 40% of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the world observe Ramadan. From the point of view of endocrinology doctors, a complete refusal of food (and most importantly - water) during the day of light, held by orthodox Muslims during Ramadan, for a person who has diabetes mellitus is a serious test. Against this background, the patient has a high risk of both hyperglycemia (increase in blood glucose) and hypoglycemia (a critical drop in blood glucose). In addition, a "dry hunger strike" is fraught with dehydration of the body.

The situation is aggravated by a plentiful evening meal (as a rule, high-calorie and high-carbohydrate), to which the adherents of the Koran proceed as soon as the sun sets. With such overloads, the body of a person with diabetes can not cope.

An exit: to recollect that the Koran allows not to observe Ramadan to sick people. In this regard, there are even special written manuals in which doctors, together with muftis, identified risk groups among patients with sugar.

diabetes, to whom Ramadan can be respected, and to whom - absolutely not. The last group included patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on insulin and type 1 diabetes, in whom it is poorly controlled, and also people who already had hypoglycemia with loss of consciousness and other acute conditions associated with the fall or rise of blood glucose.

If, in spite of contraindications, a diabetic patient is still going to observe Ramadan, he needs to try in the morning, before dawn, to eat carbohydrates, which will be slowly absorbed by the body (whole grains, beans, rice). In addition, now there are many types of hypoglycemic drugs (especially the last generation), the reception of which helps to avoid hypoglycemia. The same applies to modern analogues of long-acting insulin. And, of course, in the conditions of Ramadan it is necessary to conduct regular self-monitoring of blood glucose in order to notice the deterioration in time.

nedug. en.