The most common causes of hypercalcemia are:.

malignant lesions of the bronchi or breast;.

myeloma;.

Hyperparathyroidism (lesion of parathyroid glands);.

acromegaly;.

hyperthyroidism;.

acute renal insufficiency;.

taking preparations of vitamin D and A, thiazide agents, calcium, lithium;.

sarcoidosis;.

decrease in blood phosphorus;.

prolonged immobility;.

hereditary diseases.

In children it is usually a sign of excess vitamin D.

Symptoms of hypercalcemia.

Symptoms of hypercalcemia in the acute phase are usually atypical: weakness, thirst, increased urine volume, nausea with vomiting, an increase or a sharp decrease in pressure. There may be symptoms of collapse with loss of consciousness, retardation and stupor.

Symptoms of chronic hypercalcaemia do not manifest themselves so dramatically, the most important are thirst and an increase in the volume of urine. This is due to the desire of the kidneys to excrete excess calcium in the urine. With a long-term process, symptoms of renal fibrosis, signs of calcification in the kidneys and the development of urolithiasis.

Treatment.

In the treatment of the basis is the elimination of the cause that led to an increase in blood calcium. The tumor is removed, a metabolic disorder is treated. In parallel with this, the intake of dietary calcium decreases by adjusting the diet. Assign funds that do not allow the washing of calcium from the bones. Drip addition of solutions is also used to achieve dilution of calcium level in the blood and restoration of homeostasis.

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