Advertising persistently advises us to buy products and medicines with probiotics and prebiotics. Like, recovery is inevitable. Is it fair in this case, advertising. And to whom are probiotics useful, and to whom are prebiotics?.

What is the difference between probiotics and prebiotics? Where to find them and how much to use? The professor, d. Zainudin Zainudinov, chief physician of the Clinic for Nutrition of the Federal Research Center for Nutrition and Biotechnology.

- Probiotics are microbial cultures that help the intestines work properly. Basically lactobacillus and bifidobacteria. With a sufficient number of these beneficial bacteria in the intestine, all the digestive processes go right: the splitting of the products, the absorption of nutrients, and t. These bacteria are also responsible for the production of some useful substances and vitamins, in particular folic acid, vitamin K.

Prebiotics are that part of food that is not actively absorbed and decomposed completely in the intestine, but it is a necessary medium for the normal functioning of the intestine and the very probiotics in it. The function of prebiotics is, as a rule, rough fiber. Most often it is found in vegetables and fruits, whole grains. Sometimes some products - dairy, porridge, etc.. - specially enriched with prebiotics. This is useful.

So pro and prebiotics - a pledge of proper functioning of the gastrointestinal tract and in general health. On this depends the absence of such signs of imbalance in the work of the intestines, like constipation or loosening of the stool (increased fiber can lead to loosening of the stool, a decrease - to constipation). It is believed that about 20-25 grams of fiber per day will help to ensure the normal digestive function of the intestine (the exact amount of fiber is indicated in the tables of the chemical composition of food). On average, it is believed that at least 400 grams of fresh vegetables and fruits in the daily diet will provide the right amount of fiber.

Sources of probiotics - all fermented milk products. Again, on average, it is recommended to consume about 600 grams of dairy and fermented milk products. At the same time, fermented milk. It is important to pay attention to the shelf life of such products.

Should I focus on the inscription "contains live bacteria" on the packaging of kefir or yogurt? This does not matter, since most bacteria die under the influence of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. To the intestines, where they are called to work, they are unlikely to reach the necessary quantity. That is why there are drugs containing lacto- and bifidobacteria. They are usually made in capsules that protect them from destruction in the acidic environment of the stomach. So for a healthy diet, the usual yogurt and yogurt.

With regard to drugs with lacto- and bifidobacteria, you should not take them without a serious reason. Yes, it is impossible to poison them or overdose them - the body will not learn too much, and they will come out naturally. But the benefit is also very relative.

It must be understood that the composition of the intestinal microflora (the number of certain bacteria) in a person is very individual, it is formed in childhood and persists for life. In the case of small deviations from the norm, it is quickly restored in a natural way. Serious disorders of the intestinal microflora are possible with certain diseases, taking antibiotics, cardinally changing the regime and eating patterns. In this case, drugs may indeed be required. By the way, stress is the weakest parameter affecting the intestinal microflora.

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