The causes of hemorrhages may be head injuries in case of accidents, falls, impacts in the area of ??the skull, resulting in vascular ruptures. It is not necessary that there is a wound or fracture in the area of ??the skull. In this case, subdural hematomas can be formed - a vein rupture between the brain and the region of the dura mater. Intracranial hematoma can occur at the time of injury a few hours after it and even after a few days.

Epidural hematomas occur with ruptures of the artery between the cranial cavity and the dura mater. Usually this happens with fractures of the skull, most often this happens in children and young people.

Intracerebral hematomas develop as a result of rupture of internal vessels due to injuries or other factors. These can be aneurysms of blood vessels, sudden or prolonged increase in pressure, neurological diseases, liver problems, taking medications diluting blood, developing autoimmune diseases and blood diseases.

Symptoms of intracranial hematoma.

The main symptoms of intracranial hematomas develop immediately after exposure or after a certain time. As the blood accumulates, the pressure on the brain region increases, which causes the following neurological symptoms:.

sharp headaches,.

nausea and vomiting,.

drowsiness, stupor,.

dizziness, impaired consciousness,.

speech impairment or loss,.

different size of pupils,.

impaired movement in half of the body.

With extensive hematomas, convulsions, coma, and death are possible.

Any head injuries with loss of consciousness require an examination of the doctor and medical supervision, and the best in the hospital. Symptoms of intracranial hematomas may occur delayed, so it is advisable that a few days next to the victim were close.

Diagnostics.

It is not always easy to determine the presence of a hematoma in the cranial cavity - the best method for diagnosis in adults is computer tomography and magnetic resonance. All other methods of research can give only approximate and indirect data. In children under 2 years old with an open fontanel, ultrasound imaging is possible.

Treatment.

Intracranial hematomas require immediate removal of blood with the opening of the cranial cavity - this is done through a hole, by trepanation or other methods. The type of operation depends on the size of the localization of the hematoma and the cause that caused it. Some part of the hematoma does not require removal and is maintained conservatively with the use of drugs aimed at reducing the pressure inside the cranial cavity and resorption of the hematoma.

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