Studying the mechanisms of skin aging, experts especially emphasize the role of such factors as ultraviolet radiation. Abusing the sun, we can significantly accelerate the age-related changes in the skin.

Skin aging is an urgent problem of modern dermatocosmetology. At present, it is customary to consider separately such varieties of skin aging as menopausal (associated with a change in the hormonal background in menopause) and photoaging (associated with ultraviolet radiation). Adequate correction of photoaging is constantly in the center of attention of specialists because of the high frequency of this phenomenon, which is due to the active use of solariums and the popularity of recreation in regions with active insolation.

More sun - more wrinkles.

Photoaging of the skin, resulting from exposure to ultraviolet A (UVA), is characterized by certain morphological manifestations. Under the influence of UVA in the epidermis there is uneven acceleration of basal keratinocyte proliferation and disruption of keratinization processes, which means there is an uneven thickening of the stratum corneum and the epidermis itself, dysplasia of keratinocytes. In the dermis, chronic inflammation is formed, fibrous structures are destroyed, first of all - elastic fibers (homogenization, thickening, twisting and fragmentation of elastic fibers, reduction of their diameter and quantity - so-called "solar elastosis"), serious violations from the capillaries that further leads to the restructuring of the microcirculatory bed and the formation of telangiectasias.

It has been proven that prolonged exposure to UVA (for example, excessive use of the solarium) causes structural changes in the skin, similar to prolonged exposure to the sun. It is appropriate to emphasize the importance of dosed use of tanning beds.

Isolate acute and chronic ultraviolet exposure, having different clinical manifestations.

The clinical signs of acute ultraviolet exposure include sunburn and skin pigmentation.

Chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation is characterized by the following signs: vascular changes, pigmentation disorders, skin lesions, changes in turgor, elasticity, skin pattern. Vascular changes as a result of chronic UV exposure are presented by persistent diffuse erythema, the formation of telangiectasias, ecchymoses in areas most exposed to irradiation (face, hands, parietal and occipital areas, posterior surface of the neck, etc.. Distortions of pigmentation are manifested in the form of freckles (ephelin), solar lentigo, dyschromia, chronic drop-shaped idiopathic hypomelanosis and poikiloderma Sivatta. This complex of clinical manifestations in the English-language literature was called "sun-damaged skin".

Changes in turgor, elasticity and skin pattern are the basis for photoaging. Clinically photoaging is manifested by dry skin, its coarse, accentuated skin pattern, a decrease in turgor and elasticity. The consequence of these changes are shallow superficial and deep wrinkles.

In addition, during photoaging, a change in skin color, dyschromia, lentigo, telangiectasia, seborrheic keratosis, comedo senilis (senile acne). It is noteworthy that the complex of changes in the skin associated with chronic ultraviolet irradiation is well described in dermatology as early as the beginning of the last century (for example, "skin of seamen", "peas skin", "rhomboid neck atrophy", Favre-Rakusho disease, etc..

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