Nodular goiter is one of the most common thyroid diseases, occurring in 5-10% of the population, predominantly in women.

Causes of nodular goiter The cause of nodal colloid proliferating goiter is unknown. Nodal colloid goiter is often seen as an age-related transformation of the thyroid gland. I predispose iodine deficiency to the development of colloid goiter, nevertheless its prevalence is significant in regions with normal iodine intake. Most likely, the colloid proliferating goiter is a pathology of the entire thyroid gland, since the probability of developing new nodal formations in patients with the initially identified solitary node reaches 50-80%. In the regions of iodine deficiency in the nodular (often multinodular) goiter, the functional autonomy of the thyroid gland can be formed with the development of thyrotoxicosis.

Symptoms of nodular goiter Clinical manifestations in the overwhelming majority of cases are absent. With large nodal formations, a cosmetic defect is possible on the neck, a compression syndrome caused by compression of the trachea. In the regions of iodine deficiency in the nodular (multinodular) goiter, the functional autonomy of the thyroid gland can be formed with the development of thyrotoxicosis.

Diagnosis of nodular goiter The method of primary diagnosis of nodular goiter is palpation of the thyroid gland. If a nodular formation is detected, the patient is shown an ultrasound of the thyroid gland, which will accurately estimate the size of the site and the volume of the thyroid gland.

Treatment of nodular goiter In detecting nodal (multinodular) proliferating goiter, active medication and, especially, invasive intervention (surgery, sclerotherapy, and t. ), in most cases not shown. Dynamic observation of such patients implies a periodic (once every 1-2 years) assessment of thyroid function and ultrasound. Indications for surgical treatment for nodular (multinodular) colloid proliferating goiter are limited to cases of a significant increase in the size of the thyroid gland with a cosmetic defect or compression syndrome, with an alternative treatment in such cases is therapy.

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