Prevention of mastitis is the observance of the sanitary and hygienic regime in the maternity hospital, the increase in the immunological reactivity of the female body, the observance of personal hygiene during pregnancy and the postpartum period, the proper care of the mammary glands, the prevention and timely treatment of nipple cracks and lactostasis.

Compliance with the sanitary and hygienic regime in the maternity hospital consists primarily in the strictest implementation of the rules of asepsis, constant bacteriological control, as well as the detection of bacterial carriers among medical personnel, followed by their isolation and treatment. A promising solution to this problem is the organization of joint chambers for women and newborns, where they are at all stages of stay in the maternity hospital from admission to discharge, which makes it possible to prevent contacts between pregnant women, parturient women and puerperals among themselves and with a wide range of medical personnel, and between newborns. After the discharge of the woman and the newborn, complete disinfection of the ward is carried out, which significantly reduces the level of hospital infection.

The risk group for developing lactational mastitis is women:.

having a history of purulent-septic diseases;.

suffering from mastopathy;.

having abnormalities of the development of the mammary gland and nipple;.

previously suffered a trauma to the breast or surgery on it;.

with concomitant diseases of the skin and mucous membranes;.

having a pathological premenstrual syndrome, accompanied by diffuse increase and soreness of the mammary glands in the 2 nd phase of the menstrual cycle;.

with the weakness of labor, who received oxytocin or prostaglandins, since the milk comes late and in large quantities;.

having pathology of pregnancy, childbirth and the nearest postpartum period.

Mastitis in most cases develops against a background of a significant decrease in the immunological reactivity of women. Proper nutrition is one of the conditions for the normal course of pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Poor protein food reduces the body's resistance to infectious diseases. In the daily diet, a pregnant woman should contain about 60-70% of animal protein. Products containing vegetable proteins include potatoes, wheat, buckwheat, rice, beans. An increased or decreased amount of carbohydrates in food also reduces the body's resistance. A sufficient amount of carbohydrates is found in bread, vegetables, fruits and sugar.

But the amount of sugar consumption per day should not exceed 40-50 grams.

Approximately a daily set of products in the postpartum period should contain 1 liter of milk (in any form); 150 g of meat, poultry or fish, 20-30 g of cheese, 100-150 g of cottage cheese, 1 egg; 50 g of butter ('/ 5 due to vegetable oils); 200-300 g of fruit, 500-600 g of vegetables (of which no more than 3/3 of potatoes) - The total volume of the liquid should be about 2 liters.

health. sumy. ua Keywords:.