Malignant tumors of the gallbladder are not uncommon. In the vast majority, it is cancer, which accounts for about 4% of all carcinomas in frequency. Most often, adenocarcinoma is detected, rarely - scirrus, mucous, solid and squamous cell carcinoma. Most of the cancer is combined with cholelithiasis, develops in the bottom or neck of the bladder and is of great malignancy, according to the Internet publication for girls and women from 14 to 35 years old Pannochka. net Clinical picture.

The onset of the disease is slow and subtle. Often, the clinical picture is often masked by manifestations of cholelithiasis. The most common sign of gallbladder cancer is pain of a different nature, usually dull and persistent, resulting from the growth of the tumor into the perineural lymphatic tract. Persistent dull pain in the right hypochondrium in elderly people is suspicious of gallbladder cancer, especially if it is accompanied by a subfebrile condition. Along with pain, appetite worsens, dyspeptic phenomena develop, weight loss. Jaundice occurs in about half the cases. The most characteristic sign is a palpable, dense, tuberculous tumor in the right hypochondrium. The liver is often enlarged, sometimes dense nodes of metastases are probed in it. In later stages, ascites and anemia may appear. Usual fever, leukocytosis in the blood and increased ESR. Depending on the prevailing clinical syndrome, five forms of gallbladder cancer are distinguished: icteric, "tumor", dyspeptic, septic and "mute". In the latter form, the clinical picture is caused by metastases.

Diagnosis is timely to establish very difficult. Cancer can be suspected if there are persistent pain in the right hypochondrium, palpable tumor, jaundice, emaciation, fever and intoxication. Particularly suspicious of cancer is the change in the nature of pain: instead of the cholesterol-like paroxysmal pains there are constant dull pains. Get a bubble bile, usually fails. In some cases, blastomata cells are found in duodenal contents. Rarely, a tumor can be detected (with cholecystography or choleography) in the form of a filling defect. Usually the gallbladder is not filled with contrast; does not enter the gallbladder and radioactive isotope. A tumor can be detected during cholangiography during laparoscopy.

Treatment.

Treatment is prompt, if there are no clearly defined metastases.

Forecast.

The prognosis is very poor. Only isolated observations of timely tumor removal are described. Sarcoma of the gallbladder is an extremely rare tumor. It very quickly sprouts into the liver and neighboring organs. The clinical picture is dominated by pain in the right upper quadrant, jaundice, fever, often associated with joining infection in the biliary tract health. sumy. ua.