The most frequent complication of pregnancy is the threat of interruption and malnutrition - one of the main causes of peritatal morbidity and mortality. The main reasons for the threat of abortion and miscarriage include:.

Infectious diseases of the mother;.

Complications associated with pregnancy;.

Traumatic injuries;.

Isoserological incompatibility of blood of mother and fetus;.

Anomalies in the development of the female sexual sphere;.

Neuroendocrine pathology;.

Various non-infectious diseases of the mother;.

Chromosomal abnormalities.

There are genetic causes of miscarriage. In the presence of chromosomal aberrations of the embryo, the threat of interruption in the early stages of pregnancy development. Spontaneous miscarriage in this case can be considered as an adaptation developed in the course of evolution, as a result of which the birth of children with deformities is rare enough.

Of the endocrine causes of miscarriage, ovarian hypofunction, hyperandrogenism of various genesis (adrenal, ovarian), thyroid dysfunction. Among the causes of miscarriage, one of the first places is occupied by infectious diseases of the mother. This is primarily latent infection infectious diseases, such as chronic tonsillitis, urinary tract infection, listeriosis, toxoplasmosis, mycoplasmal infection, chronic inflammatory diseases of the genital organs and viral infections.

When considering the immunological aspects of miscarriage, the fetus can be considered as an allograft in the mother's body because it carries genetically alien (paternal) antigens. The presence of a wide spectrum of antigens in the fetus activates the system of "immunological surveillance" and promotes the development of many different types of immunological reactions aimed at maintaining the immunological balance. Under certain conditions, an immunological conflict arises in the mother-placenta-fetus system, leading to a threat of abortion and spontaneous miscarriage.

Health. Sumy. Ua.

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