Atresia refers to the inherent lack of natural canals and openings in the body. This pathology can be their acquired fusion or a natural absence.

Atresia of the alimentary canal in children is considered one of the most common anomalies in the development of this organ. In the midst of the abundance of variants outlined in medical practice, there is the most frequently encountered variety. More widespread atresia of the food tract with the formation of the lower tracheoesophageal fistula.

Quite clearly manifested clinical picture of the condition. Already in the first hours of life from the nose and mouth of the newborn comes frothy mucus. After sucking, it accumulates again. Against the background of the condition, aspiration pneumonia begins to progress. Feeding the baby until the diagnosis is established leads to an acceleration of deterioration. With all this, symptoms of respiratory deficiency are noted, signs of aspiration pneumonia are increasing.

Episodes of deterioration have a specific and clear connection with the feeding of the baby - milk begins to flow through the mouth and nose.

In particular, a dull condition and progressive deterioration is accompanied by atresia of the food tract with a wide fistula (lower tracheocephalic). At the same time, due to the presence of a wide australia, a huge amount of air enters the digestive tract, and not into the lungs. Against this background, a swelling of the tummy is observed, and the contents of the stomach in a large volume can also be noted in the tracheobronchial tree.

Atresia of the alimentary canal in a newborn usually does not present problems for the detection. Moreover, the diagnosis can be carried out before the manifestation of symptoms. It is necessary to establish the absence or presence of pathology before the first feeding. For diagnosis, the sensing of the food tract after birth. Atresia of the alimentary canal is diagnosed if the probe does not pass into the stomach, meeting an obstacle from the gum margin of 8-12 cm.

Diagnosis is also carried out with the help of Elephant. With all this, through the probe, 10 ml of air is introduced into the food tract. In the presence of pathology, the introduced air exits with an appropriate noise through the mouth and nose back (positive sample). In the absence of anomaly, there is a noiseless passage into the stomach of the air (negative sample).

The sounding and sampling of Elephant in the maternity hospital for the diagnosis of pathology is completely enough.

When revealing the first signs of atresia in the alimentary canal, intubation should be carried out to implement the sanitation of the upper respiratory tract. These measures reduce the risk of aspiration pneumonia.

After carrying out the designated measures, the patient is transferred to a surgical hospital.

Timely detection (in the first or second day after birth) of the blemish allows eliminating the need for parenteral nutrition in the prehospital period.

Another developmental anomaly is atresia of the rectum and anus. A defect is revealed, usually during a primary examination of a newborn. The anomaly in boys is more widespread.

Health. Sumy. Ua.