Transplantation was performed by a team of employees of the Russian Research Center for Surgery named after Petrovsky (RSCC) under the guidance of Professor Vladimir Parshin.

The procedure was developed by Professor Paolo Macchiarini, Head of the Department of Regenerative Surgery and Biotransplantation of the Italian Karregji Blade. To prevent rejection, he cleared the trachea from donor cells. The connective tissue carcass of the organ obtained in this way was "populated" by recipient cells, and then the new trachea was grown in a bioreactor.

Subsequently, Macchiarini began to implant the trachea skeleton immediately into the body of the recipient, where the organ was formed. Since 2007, eight transplantations have been carried out in Western Europe according to a new method.

Employees of the Russian Center for Scientific Research completed the operation of a 26-year-old student from Kazakhstan. In 2006, the girl got into an accident, then for nine months was in a coma and was connected to the device of artificial ventilation. As a result of the prolonged location of the trichostomy tube in the organ, its lumen narrowed, and doctors had to regularly dilate the trachea with an endoscopic method.

Prior to transplantation, the donor tracheal cage, brought by McKiarini, was treated with mononuclear cells of the patient's bone marrow, which would prevent rejection of the foreign body.

In addition, the fragments of the mucosa were placed in the trachea, from which a new mucosa is formed, as well as a resorbing stent to maintain the structure of the organ during its formation.

The intervention, during which the patient's old trachea was replaced by a new one, lasted six hours. After 16 days after the operation, a resident of Kazakhstan was able to give a short interview to journalists. Parshin, in turn, noted that in a few days the girl would be discharged from the hospital.

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