Damaged as a result of trauma or illness, the retina is almost incapable of regeneration, therefore, worldwide experiments are underway to transplant stem cells to restore the retina. The rodents received promising results, but they are not always applicable to humans. The human eye is anatomically and physiologically much more consistent with the pig's eye, and the results of experiments on pigs could be more reliably transferred to people, according to the Internet publication for girls and women from 14 to 35 years old Pannochka. Net However, pork embryonic stem cells have not been isolated so far, and directional differentiation into photoreceptors of porcine induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) has not been obtained.

Chinese and American scientists from the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University and from the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Louisville used porcine iPSCs to produce photoreceptors of the retina (rod) according to a specially developed protocol in which the floating culture of embryoid bodies in cell differentiation was transformed into an adhesive.

Real-time PCR and immunostaining showed that the differentiated cells lack pluripotency markers (POU5F1, NANOG and SOX2), but genes characteristic of rods (RCVRN, NRL, RHO and ROM1). These cells possessed characteristic neuronal morphology; When cultured on Matrigel, further morphological changes occurred, as a result of which RHO and ROM1 were concentrated in the outer segment of cells, as occurs in the primary culture of sticks.

The resulting cells were transplanted into the subretinal space of pigs, in the retina of which all the rods were destroyed by iodoacetyl acid. Three weeks after this, the surviving RHO + cells were detected in the outer nuclear layer, where the photoreceptors are normally located. Some of these transplanted cells formed processes resembling the outer segments of sticks.

The results indicate that in the culture the porcine iPSC can be successfully differentiated into photoreceptors and these cells can integrate into the damaged porcine retina. According to Dr. P. Katunyan, the head physician of the Moscow Center for Biomedical Technology, this provides the basis for future research into the possibilities of cellular therapy for retinal injuries using pigs as model objects.

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