There are two main versions about the source of induced pluripotent stem cells obtained from fibroblasts (IPSC): some scientists suggest that any random fibroblast ("random model") can give the beginning of the IPSC line, others - that only fibroblasts with special qualities «Elite model»).

A study of Japanese scientists from the Departments of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, and Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine speaks in favor of the "elite model", according to the Internet publication for girls and women aged 14 to 35 Pannochka. Net First, in a population of human dermal fibroblasts, multi-line differentiation resistant cells were identified (multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring - Muse); These cells were characterized by good tolerance of damaging effects, expression of pluripotent markers, ability to self-renewal and differentiation of offspring of a single cell according to mesodermal, endodermal and ectodermal direction. It turned out that such cells are twice positive for the expression of the stage-specific embryonic antigen-3 / CD105.

When the fibroblasts were divided into Muse cells and all the others were transduced with the Oct3 / 4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc genes (the standard method for the preparation of IPSC), it was found that IPSCs were obtained only from Muse cells. Although some of the remaining cells also gave colonies, they did not have the characteristics of IPSK; Moreover, they did not observe epigenetic changes and expression of the main pluripotency markers. These results were repeated in a series of experiments, when one polycistronic viral vector encoding all four transcription factors was used for transduction.

Thus, the data obtained in the study indicate the existence of a subpopulation of adult stem cells among human dermal fibroblasts with characteristics similar to those of the IPSK.

It is from this subpopulation that reprogramming results in the formation of IPSC, while the remaining fibroblasts do not participate in this process. Consequently, the results of this work support the "elite model", indicating a low probability of "accidental".

According to Dr. P. Katunyan, chief physician of the Moscow Center for Biomedical Technologies, the results of this work can have important practical applications for increasing the efficiency of reprogramming fibroblasts in stem cells.

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