In type 2 diabetes - insulin-independent - the sensitivity of cells to insulin decreases, and the body stops absorbing the sugar in the blood. Physical activity increases the ability of muscle tissue to process fatty acids, which, in turn, increases the sensitivity of the body to insulin.

The study leader, Professor Jeffrey Horowitz of the University of Michigan, said: "We knew that exercise generally increases insulin sensitivity. But how exactly the process is going on, it remained unclear ".

"Blood of fat people because of the large amount of fatty tissue is oversaturated with fatty acids, which, getting into muscles and liver, interfere with insulin to regulate the consumption of sugar," explained the co-author of the work, graduate student Simon Schenk. - In muscle cells, fatty acids are stored as intramuscular triglyceride (IMTG). The increased content of IMTG in muscles is often observed with insulin resistance in obese people and those with type 2 diabetes. However, IMTG itself does not lead to the development of insulin resistance, but merely serves as an indicator that there are a lot of fatty acids in the muscles. And the problems arise because of the products of the decomposition of fatty acids, which cause inflammation in the muscles.

The authors of the work suggested: active training will lead to the fact that most of the fatty acids instead of decay will turn into IMTG. Accordingly, the amount of degradation products leading to insulin resistance will decrease.

To confirm their hypothesis, the researchers invited 8 thin women and injected them with fatty acids to simulate the amount of fatty acids in women who are obese.

Sensitivity to insulin was measured both before and after a 90-minute strength training. In measurements "before", the sensitivity of cells to insulin fell by 30% compared to the norm, which is comparable to that of people suffering from obesity.

Training not only returned sensitivity to insulin, but also increased it by 25% compared to the normal level. In addition, as the authors suggested, the content of IMTG increased sharply.

The results show that regular training not only allows you to maintain yourself in good physical shape, but also creates optimal conditions for a healthy metabolism in the body. Especially as a person evolved, including, under the influence of constant physical exertion. And to refuse them is to drive the body into a stressful situation.

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