In Ukraine, there are hundreds of thousands of economically inactive Ukrainians who can be attracted to the labor market, giving them the opportunity to master the demanded profession. This was announced by Deputy Minister of Economy of Ukraine Tatyana Berezhnaya during a business forum. However, unemployment is only growing. Experts told the focus about the current situation with the search for work in Ukraine.
The government clarifies that today 13.3 million people work in the country, about a million more are actively looking for work and are ready to start working in the near future. " This group also has students, people who lead the household, pensioners who retired by age, but could still work, women on maternity leave, people with disabilities. These are precisely those people who can be attracted to the labor market, giving them the opportunity to master a new relevant profession for today, retraining, and improve the professional level, ”said Tatyana Berezhnaya.
Among them are many people who cannot find work in their specialty or due to insufficient skills or education.
Focus found out from specialized specialists whether with so many unemployed Ukrainians and in the new, 2025, the labor market is still suffering from personnel deficiency. It turned out yes. In particular, according to the largest portals to search for work, the personnel deficit is preserved in the following categories:.
" It is likely that the effective use of existing resources will also be the main leitmotif in the labor market. Changes in the approaches to hiring, the further use of AI tools, attention to the retention of commands, their mental state in conditions of constant stress, the introduction of training, retraining, career development, etc.. , including candidates without experience, ”commented the situation with the situation PR-manager of the Work portal. UA Victoria Belyakova.
Dominica Ivanova-Bekar, HR expert, HR Owner Agency agrees with the list of the most popular specialists and adds to the TOP "
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HR expert Dominik Ivanova-Bekar compared the industry. According to her analytics, the championship from the most paid unconditionally holds the IT industry, where the average salary exceeds the indicators in other sectors and this applies to both developers and administrative posts.
So, if averaged, then the average salary of Junior (work experience from 1 year) at the level of 38,000 UAH. , Middle - 105,000 UAH. Senior - 190 000 UAH.
" In the context of professions, these are traditionally managers of enterprises and C-LVL, IT specialists (developers, cybersecurity specialists, Data Science, AI and ML), traders, auditors, doctors of narrow specialties (cardiologists, neurosurgeons, etc.. ), ”She said.
The expert notes that thanks to state financing, support of international financial institutions and private investments, the situation with the level of wages in the defense and field of engineering developments-Defens-Tech and Miltech, compared to 2020-2021, has significantly improved.. And although the level of wages here is slightly inferior to the traditional IT, so far companies have a significant advantage, namely the possibility of booking military liability. Therefore, even requirements for staying in Ukraine and work in an office format do not even become employment..
The situation in the Hardware direction (hardware) is more difficult, where the need for engineering and engineering specialties is acutely felt, and wages can start from 120,000 UAH and above.
With other industries is much more modest. According to the Work portal. UA, in December 2024, the average salary proposed by employers was 24,000 UAH (+5% to November). To a large extent, this happened precisely thanks to the vacancies from the forces of defense.
The largest increase in salaries is recorded in categories:.
And the following regions of Ukraine became regional leaders in terms of average salaries:.
According to experts, such financial proposals of employers in Ukraine are not a ceiling. The longer the fighting will continue, the more labor the market will be lacking due to internal migration to safer regions, traveling abroad and mobilization. Therefore, the lack of personnel will intensify in all sectors, which will lead to an exacerbation of competition for talents, within the framework of which the business will be forced to increase wages.
" Since many companies on the verge of depletion of resources primarily concerns small businesses, ”added a personnel expert on Dominic Ivanova-Bekar.
Among the candidates, remote work continues to gain popularity, so it is precisely such vacancies that are closed relatively quickly. But so far, not all employers are ready to provide even a hybrid schedule.
Among the obvious trends, there are also vacancies of companies that provide reservation have a significant advantage, candidates willingly consider such vacancies even if less wage and low position.
As Focus previously reported, for almost three years of full -scale war, Ukraine was among leaders in the lowest birth rate in the world. McKinsey Global Institute analysts in their study emphasized global demographic challenges, as well as on a crisis situation in Ukraine, which has already encountered depopulation. If the world predicts the "
Against this background, the news with the importation in Transcarpathia 160 employees from Bangladesh, as announced by Miroslav Biletsky, the chairman of the Transcarpathian Regional State Administration, is not surprising. However, anxiety and questions remain. Is it really more profitable to attract more than a hundred labor migrants, to transport them in half the world, to solve visa issues, to provide salaries, housing and meals in Ukraine than to employ their citizens?
" This is the first and main point.
If we are talking about Bangladesh, then, first of all, let's compare the minimum salary in Ukraine and there. With us it is 8,000 UAH. According to relevant information, in Bangladesh - about $ 72 (3025 UAH). It is clear that migrants will come not only from Bangladesh, but also from Pakistan, India. For our employers, this is cheaper labor than Ukrainians, who are now simply not enough. Transcarpathia in labor activity is one of the least active regions. Therefore, if the employer can go through all the points of legalization of these labor migrants in Ukraine - this will be the first good start. But, is it easy to do this in our difficult migration policy, it’s hard to say, ”said the personnel expert.
She adds that due to inflation, wages in Ukraine have already become uncompetitive for migrants from Turkey, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan.
" Also with Azerbaijanis, Kazakhs. There the economic situation is better, the standard of living, the minimum wage is above the Ukrainian. I do not think that the situation with migrants will be a mass phenomenon. Not every company can afford such expenses, ”adds Dominik Ivanova-Bekar.
The most commonly mentioned cause of the labor market crisis is mobilization. At the same time, we are talking not only about the so-called "
Oleg Penjin, an expert of the economic discussion club, sees this in a threatening tendency.
" This is a big problem, which will definitely powerfully reflect in subsequent years. No wonder our demographs say that in the country it is necessary to import 450 thousand to ensure the restoration of the economy. labor migrants from Southeast Asia and Pakistan. We have a huge structural unemployment, ”the economist notes.
Now an excess of lawyers and economists in Ukraine is opposed by a huge shortage of personnel of working professions and drivers. And an increase in salaries that would attract candidates, basically, not a way out.
" dollars. And at the same time you will not find people. Therefore, we are not talking about saving business businesses for Ukrainian workers, but about the physical absence of people. And if you recall that this enterprise is being built in Transcarpathia, where the mobilization situation is one of the most difficult in the country, and it is impossible to find people who are not physically found there for today, because they are under mobilization summons, so this is an expected thing, ”says Oleg Penjin.
The problem of lack of labor for the third year of full -scale war gradually moved in the first place for business and forced employers to do what scientists talked about long before it - to attract all available reserves. And the war further exacerbated the problem of "
At the same time, the involvement of labor migrants to the Ukrainian labor market can satisfy the pressing need, but temporarily. It is more difficult to work for the return of people to Ukraine, to provide the possibility of retraining part of the labor force, but more promising, because the lack of personnel in the country already launches certain processes in the economy that may become irreversible.
“The business migrants will not solve the business problem,” said Natalya Slinko, director of the consulting company Talentmatch, HR expert.
" In addition, having gained more labor migrants, up to 50% of Ukrainians can be booked, that is, quota rises. But there are organizations that have no quota at all and most employees take it there. Under such conditions, a person is not able to sell his skills or pass his experience, to teach others.
" Someone is afraid to leave the house, and someone leaving the house does not get to work, but in TCC. Therefore, here the problem is not a salary, but in safety, ”the expert says.
Therefore, both employers and economists of a single opinion: without establishing the process of mobilization and military accounting, the return of people and the constant effective system of retraining of personnel, the crisis in the labor market cannot be resolved and the economy cannot be saved.