Hint of new physics: The Universe is expanding faster than scientists can explain

20 January 2025, 08:34 | Technologies 
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Recent measurements of the expansion rate of the Universe have only added to the mystery of this process and increased concern among scientists, because they hint that the current model of the cosmos may be incorrect and unknown physics exist.. Observations show that galaxies are moving away from us at a faster rate than expected. The study was published in Astrophysical Journal Letters, writes Earth.

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Back in 1929, thanks to the observations of astronomer Edin Hubble, it became known that the Universe is not static, but is expanding. Since then, physicists have been trying to measure the exact rate of expansion of the Universe, known as the Hubble constant..

Some scientists rely on data from nearby galaxies, while others look back to the early Universe. Over time, different measurements showed the existing conflict between them, because it turned out that the rate of expansion of space in the local Universe and in the early Universe is different, which began to be called the Hubble problem.

When scientists compare what the Universe looks like at great distances with what it looks like in our own cosmic environment, something doesn't add up.. The standard cosmological model predicts a slower expansion rate than measurements in the local Universe indicate, which is inconsistent with predictions. The authors of a new study believe that the standard model of cosmology may be wrong.

New space observation data has allowed scientists to calculate a more accurate rate of expansion of the Universe. In particular, physicists used observational data from the Coma galaxy cluster. To determine how far away this cluster is, we used the light characteristics of Type 1a supernovae found inside the cluster..

Type 1a supernovae have a constant brightness, and it is directly related to distance. This makes them excellent tools for determining how far away objects are in space..

Scientists have determined that the Coma galaxy cluster is located at a distance of about 320 million light years from us. Using these and other observational data from the local Universe, astrophysicists have calculated a new value for the Hubble constant: 76.5 kilometers per second per megaparsec. This number describes how quickly galaxies are moving away from us at a distance of 3.26 million light years..

This value of the Hubble constant agrees well with other measurements of the local Universe, which confirms the fact that nearby space is expanding faster than the standard cosmological model assumes.

What exactly influences this faster expansion of the Universe Scientists believe that dark matter, dark energy, or as yet unknown physics may be involved..

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По материалам: earth.com