Since the beginning of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into Ukraine, the number of crimes committed on the basis of anti-Semitism has sharply decreased. In particular, over the past year, the International Human Rights Organization Freedom House has not recorded a single case when anti-Semitism became the cause of physical violence, the ZMINA Human Rights Center reports..

However, in 2022, human rights activists recorded a case when a quarrel over parking claims was accompanied by anti-Semitic insults.. It happened on March 31 in Ivano-Frankivsk. Then the head of the Jewish community, Igor Perelman, was stabbed three times.. According to the victim, the attacker shouted threats of anti-Semitic content..

“Given the context of the incident, its anti-Semitic nature is not obvious. The conflict began because of a quarrel at the household level - about parking a car. The victim parked her in such a way that she interfered with others. However, he did this because he was unloading humanitarian aid.. The attacker allegedly interceded with his wife, who started a quarrel,” human rights activists noted..

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According to Ukrainian law, manifestations of anti-Semitism include hateful attitude towards persons of Jewish origin, anti-Jewish propaganda, Holocaust denial, destruction of Jewish buildings, religious buildings or monuments..

Last year, human rights activists recorded five cases of anti-Semitic vandalism. Freedom House explained in its report that vandalism refers to physical damage to Jewish infrastructure, such as synagogue buildings, community centers, Holocaust memorials, tombstones in Jewish cemeteries. In this case, glass breaking or other destruction, anti-Semitic or neo-Nazi graffiti, indicating ideological motivation is considered damage..

According to human rights activists, 10 such cases of vandalism were recorded in 2020, and 14 in 2021..

Last year, in Uzhgorod, on Theater Square, anti-Semitic inscriptions were found on the wall of one of the buildings - calls for the murder of Jews and orders for representatives of the Jewish community to leave Ukraine. However, this does not fall under the definition of vandalism, because not a single Jewish object was damaged.. The inscriptions appeared on the building located opposite the former synagogue. The text was written in Russian.

Already this year, the SBU reported that the Russian special services tried to destabilize the situation in Western Ukraine by inciting ethnic hatred.. However, they did not succeed, our special forces detained a likely Russian agent who threatened the head of the Jewish community of Transcarpathia.

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In February 2022, the Verkhovna Rada adopted Law No. 5110, which introduced criminal liability for manifestations of anti-Semitism. The document was supported by 295 people's deputies.

The law for manifestations of anti-Semitism provides for a fine of 200 to 500 non-taxable minimum incomes of citizens or restriction of liberty for up to five years. It also provides for imprisonment of up to three years with deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities for up to three years or without.

For the manifestation of anti-Semitism in combination with violence, deceit or threats, as well as committed by an official, a fine of 500 to 1000 tax-free minimums or imprisonment from two to five years, with deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities for up to three years.

If these actions were committed by an organized group, then the punishment will be imprisonment from five to eight years..